Abstract
Abstract Convolvulaceae comprises ∼2000 species worldwide, but cytogenetic information remains scarce for several lineages. Here, we present a comparative karyotype analysis of Jacquemontia and Daustinia montana, the focal genera of this study, which share a history of taxonomic uncertainty and form a dysploid series that brings the phylogenetic placement of D. montana into focus, while also incorporating cytological comparisons with Dinetus racemosus and Ipomoea to contextualize broader patterns within Convolvulaceae. We combined chromosome counts, CMA/DAPI banding, and genome size estimates to investigate how dysploidy and polyploidy contribute to karyotype diversification in these lineages. Novel CMA/DAPI banding patterns were characterized for D. montana and five species of Jacquemontia. Chromosome numbers ranged from 2n = 16 in D. montana to 2n = 36 in J. mucronifera and J. pentanthos. All species exhibited terminal CMA+ bands, while DAPI + heterochromatin was exclusive to Jacquemontia. Genome sizes varied 2.5-fold, from 1C = 0.90 pg in D. montana to 1C = 2.32 pg in J. mucronifera. Probabilistic analyses support x = 14 as the basic chromosome number for Convolvulaceae and Dicranostyloideae. Our results show that although dysploidy underlies major differences between the two genera, both dysploidy and polyploidy have shaped karyotype evolution within Jacquemontia. The karyotypic affinities observed among Daustinia, Jacquemontia, and Dinetus provide new cytological evidence relevant to the phylogenetic position of D. montana.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Daustinia montana has 2n = 16 chromosomes.
- Taxon
- D. montanaDaustinia montanae1
- Outcome
- Chromosome numberse1
- Value
- 2n = 16e1
Verbatim
e1“Chromosome numbers ranged from 2n = 16 in D. montana to 2n = 36 in J. mucronifera and J. pentanthos”
Claim · model-written summary
Jacquemontia mucronifera and J. pentanthos have 2n = 36 chromosomes.
- Taxon
- J. mucronifera and J. pentanthos
Jacquemontia pentanthosJacquemontia mucroniferae1 - Outcome
- Chromosome numberse1
- Value
- 2n = 36e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Chromosome numbers ranged from 2n = 16 in D. montana to 2n = 36 in J. mucronifera and J. pentanthos”
Claim · model-written summary
Daustinia montana has a genome size of 1C = 0.90 pg.
- Taxon
- D. montanaDaustinia montanae2
- Outcome
- Genome sizese2
- Value
- 1C = 0.90 pge2
Verbatim
e2“Genome sizes varied 2.5-fold, from 1C = 0.90 pg in D. montana to 1C = 2.32 pg in J. mucronifera”
Claim · model-written summary
Jacquemontia mucronifera has a genome size of 1C = 2.32 pg.
- Taxon
- J. mucroniferaJacquemontia mucroniferae2
- Outcome
- Genome sizese2
- Value
- 1C = 2.32 pge2
Verbatim
e2“Genome sizes varied 2.5-fold, from 1C = 0.90 pg in D. montana to 1C = 2.32 pg in J. mucronifera”
Claim · model-written summary
Genome sizes varied 2.5-fold across the studied Convolvulaceae species.
- Taxon
- ConvolvulaceaeConvolvulaceaet0
- Outcome
- Genome sizese2
- Value
- 2.5-folde2
Verbatim
t0“karyotype evolution in Convolvulaceae”
e2“Genome sizes varied 2.5-fold, from 1C = 0.90 pg in D. montana to 1C = 2.32 pg in J. mucronifera”
Claim · model-written summary
Probabilistic analyses support a basic chromosome number of x = 14 for Convolvulaceae and Dicranostyloideae.
- Taxon
- ConvolvulaceaeConvolvulaceaee3
- Outcome
- basic chromosome numbere3
- Value
- x = 14e3
Verbatim
e3“Probabilistic analyses support x = 14 as the basic chromosome number for Convolvulaceae and Dicranostyloideae”
Claim · model-written summary
Dysploidy and polyploidy have shaped karyotype evolution within Jacquemontia.
- Taxon
- Jacquemontia
_(6571775387).jpg?width=60)
Jacquemontiae4 - Outcome
- karyotype evolutione4
- Qualifier
- dysploidy and polyploidye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(6571775387).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e4“although dysploidy underlies major differences between the two genera, both dysploidy and polyploidy have shaped karyotype evolution within Jacquemontia”
Claim · model-written summary
Dysploidy underlies the major karyotype differences between the two genera.
- Taxon
- JacquemontiaJacquemontiae4
- Outcome
- major differences between the two generae4
- Qualifier
- dysploidye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“although dysploidy underlies major differences between the two genera, both dysploidy and polyploidy have shaped karyotype evolution within Jacquemontia”
Claim · model-written summary
Novel CMA/DAPI banding patterns were characterized for Daustinia montana.
- Taxon
- D. montanaDaustinia montanae5
- Outcome
- CMA/DAPI banding patternse5
Verbatim
e5“Novel CMA/DAPI banding patterns were characterized for D. montana and five species of Jacquemontia”
Claim · model-written summary
Novel CMA/DAPI banding patterns were characterized for five Jacquemontia species.
- Taxon
- JacquemontiaJacquemontiae5
- Outcome
- CMA/DAPI banding patternse5
- Qualifier
- five species of Jacquemontiae5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Novel CMA/DAPI banding patterns were characterized for D. montana and five species of Jacquemontia”
Claim · model-written summary
All species of Convolvulaceae studied exhibited terminal CMA+ bands.
- Taxon
- ConvolvulaceaeConvolvulaceaet0
- Outcome
- terminal CMA+ bandse6
- Qualifier
- All species exhibitede6
Verbatim
t0“karyotype evolution in Convolvulaceae”
e6“All species exhibited terminal CMA+ bands, while DAPI + heterochromatin was exclusive to Jacquemontia”
Claim · model-written summary
DAPI + heterochromatin was exclusive to Jacquemontia.
- Taxon
- JacquemontiaJacquemontiae6
- Outcome
- DAPI + heterochromatine6
- Qualifier
- exclusive to Jacquemontiae6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“All species exhibited terminal CMA+ bands, while DAPI + heterochromatin was exclusive to Jacquemontia”
Claim · model-written summary
Karyotypic affinities among Daustinia, Jacquemontia and Dinetus provide new cytological evidence on the phylogenetic position of Daustinia montana.
Verbatim
e7“The karyotypic affinities observed among Daustinia, Jacquemontia, and Dinetus provide new cytological evidence relevant to the phylogenetic position of D. montana”