Paper · 2026 · Plant Science Today

Plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR): An effective consortium for sandal (Santalum album L.) seed germination

K S Anjali; C M Jijeesh; T M Kunhamu; et al.

4
claims
12
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a consortium of beneficial microorganisms having broad spectrum of mechanisms promoting plant growth. Sandal (Santalum album L.) seeds, in general have poor and staggered germination which is a major constraint in nursery management. Seed biopriming with beneficial microbes is one of the cheapest and eco-friendly seed enhancement techniques resulting in rapid, uniform, high crop establishment and yield. Fresh mature sandal seeds were procured from the Nachivayal Reserve Forest, Marayur Sandal Division, Kerala, India. The trial was conducted in two factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with different concentrations of PGPR II(25, 50, 75 and 100 %) and different duration of the treatment (1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 days) as factors. The effect of post-priming storage of one day and one week was also analyzed. The trial results in positive responses with respect to the germination percentage and seedling establishment. The highest germination was obtained for the seeds bioprimed at 50 % for 3 days (76.6 %) for post-priming storage of one week and highest seedling growth was obtained for the seeds bioprimed at 100 % for post-priming storage of one day and at 50 % for 3 days for post-priming storage one week. Both germination and seedling characters are its peak at biopriming with PGPR II at 50 % for 3 days subjected to post-priming storage of one week and hence recommended as the best treatment.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 4

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Biopriming at 50% for 3 days with one week of post-priming storage gave the highest sandal seed germination, 76.6%

Taxon
sandal (Santalum album L.)Santalum albumt0
Treatment
bioprimed at 50 % for 3 dayse1
Interactor
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteriae0symbiont
Outcome
germinatione1
Direction
higheste1
Value
76.6 %e1
Qualifier
post-priming storage of one weeke1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Santalum album
Santalum album · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sandal (Santalum album L.) seed germination”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–117 · show in text ↑
e0

“Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a consortium of beneficial microorganisms”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–88 · show in text ↑
e1

“The highest germination was obtained for the seeds bioprimed at 50 % for 3 days (76.6 %) for post-priming storage of one week”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 977–1102 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Biopriming at 100% with one day of post-priming storage gave the highest seedling growth

Taxon
sandal (Santalum album L.)Santalum albumt0
Treatment
bioprimed at 100 %e2
Interactor
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteriae0symbiont
Outcome
seedling growthe2
Direction
higheste2
Qualifier
post-priming storage of one daye2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Santalum album
Santalum album · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sandal (Santalum album L.) seed germination”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–117 · show in text ↑
e0

“Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a consortium of beneficial microorganisms”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–88 · show in text ↑
e2

“highest seedling growth was obtained for the seeds bioprimed at 100 % for post-priming storage of one day and at 50 % for 3 days for post-priming storage one week”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1107–1269 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Biopriming at 50% for 3 days with one week of post-priming storage gave the highest seedling growth

Taxon
sandal (Santalum album L.)Santalum albumt0
Treatment
at 50 % for 3 dayse2
Interactor
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteriae0symbiont
Outcome
seedling growthe2
Direction
higheste2
Qualifier
post-priming storage one weeke2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Santalum album
Santalum album · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sandal (Santalum album L.) seed germination”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–117 · show in text ↑
e0

“Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a consortium of beneficial microorganisms”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–88 · show in text ↑
e2

“highest seedling growth was obtained for the seeds bioprimed at 100 % for post-priming storage of one day and at 50 % for 3 days for post-priming storage one week”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1107–1269 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

PGPR II biopriming at 50% for 3 days with one week storage is recommended as the best treatment for sandal seeds

Taxon
sandal (Santalum album L.)Santalum albumt0
Treatment
biopriming with PGPR IIe3
Interactor
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteriae0symbiont
Outcome
the best treatmente3
Qualifier
post-priming storage of one weeke3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Santalum album
Santalum album · Taxon葉子 · CC0 · iNaturalist ↗

Verbatim

t0

“sandal (Santalum album L.) seed germination”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 74–117 · show in text ↑
e0

“Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a consortium of beneficial microorganisms”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–88 · show in text ↑
e3

“Both germination and seedling characters are its peak at biopriming with PGPR II at 50 % for 3 days subjected to post-priming storage of one week and hence recommended as the best treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1271–1460 · show in text ↑