Abstract
This study was conducted for the JIRCAS Working Report and is based primarily on Azman et al. (2025).The global reduction of mangrove forests, due primarily to changes in land use, contributes to carbon emissions worldwide.However, the specific impact of mangrove deforestation on carbon release remains uncertain.Only a limited number of studies have quantified the effects of mangrove deforestation on the carbon budget, particularly at the landscape scale.This study evaluates carbon stocks, losses, and emissions resulting from the conversion of mangrove ecosystems and assesses how these changes affect the carbon budget using sequestration rates for the Merlimau-Kuala Sebatu landscape.Field surveys were conducted across various mangrove types, including intact forests and naturally regenerated areas of different ages.The results indicate that the total ecosystem carbon stock in clear-cut sites was 149.06 7.56 Mg C ha -1 , compared to 280.65 16.92 Mg C ha -1 in intact sites; however, this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).Using the stockchange method, carbon emissions were estimated to be 482.93Mg CO2e ha -1 , among the lowest recorded for tropical land-use change.Notably, the carbon budget at the landscape scale remained positive, with a net gain of 2835 Mg C yr -1 , largely due to the carbon sink potential and the expansion of naturally regenerated mangroves in intact areas (796 Mg C yr -1 ).A deforestation threshold of 75% was identified, beyond which the carbon budget approaches neutrality.These results highlight the importance of conserving intact mangrove forests and sustainably managing regenerated areas, as younger mangroves help sequester carbon and reduce emissions from deforestation.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Total ecosystem carbon stock in clear-cut mangrove sites was 149.06 7.56 Mg C ha -1 versus 280.65 16.92 in intact sites, a difference that was not statistically significant.
Verbatim
t0“Mangrove Forest”
e0“the total ecosystem carbon stock in clear-cut sites was 149.06 7.56 Mg C ha -1 , compared to 280.65 16.92 Mg C ha -1 in intact sites; however, this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Using the stock-change method, carbon emissions from mangrove conversion were estimated at 482.93 Mg CO2e ha -1, among the lowest recorded for tropical land-use change.
Verbatim
t0“Mangrove Forest”
e0“Using the stockchange method, carbon emissions were estimated to be 482.93Mg CO2e ha -1 , among the lowest recorded for tropical land-use change”
Claim · model-written summary
The landscape-scale carbon budget remained positive, with a net gain of 2835 Mg C yr -1.
Verbatim
t0“Mangrove Forest”
e0“the carbon budget at the landscape scale remained positive, with a net gain of 2835 Mg C yr -1”
Claim · model-written summary
The positive landscape carbon budget is attributed largely to the carbon sink potential and the expansion of naturally regenerated mangroves in intact areas (796 Mg C yr -1).
Verbatim
t0“Mangrove Forest”
e0“largely due to the carbon sink potential and the expansion of naturally regenerated mangroves in intact areas (796 Mg C yr -1)”
Claim · model-written summary
A deforestation threshold of 75% was identified, beyond which the carbon budget approaches neutrality.
Verbatim
t0“Mangrove Forest”
e0“A deforestation threshold of 75% was identified, beyond which the carbon budget approaches neutrality”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that conserving intact mangrove forests and sustainably managing regenerated areas is important.
Verbatim
e0“the importance of conserving intact mangrove forests and sustainably managing regenerated areas”