Abstract
Phytophthora blight, manifested by root, stem, and fruit rot, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora capsici , is an important disease affecting Chili pepper production globally. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and shared genetic resistance mechanisms across different tissues upon infection by the pathogen. RNA-seq revealed the dynamic transcriptome of leaf, stem, and root tissues from resistant (R; CM-334) and susceptible (S; Early Jalapeño) varieties under different times of infection by P. capsici . There were 149,531 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from 39 different R vs. S, time vs. time, and tissue vs. tissue comparisons. A total of 75,520 DEGs (51%) showed higher expression, whereas 74,011 (49%) demonstrated lower expression across all tissues and times of post-inoculation. The total number of DEGs with higher expression for the different tissue samples decreased across times of post-inoculation, where the 72h post-inoculation showed the least number of genes. The roots generally showed a higher number of DEGs compared to the stems and the leaves. Network analyses of DEGs demonstrated that genes with functions related to defense response to fungal infection were also involved with carbohydrate metabolism and ADP binding. Genes related to immune response to fungal infection and amino acid metabolism (e.g., homoserine kinase activity) showed higher gene expression across all times of infection and tissue samples. Chili pepper transcriptome under P. capsici infection provides evidence of shared gene expression across multiple tissues which can be leveraged for breeding and selection for broad-spectrum resistance in current Capsicum germplasm.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
RNA-seq identified 149,531 differentially expressed genes across 39 resistant vs susceptible, time vs time and tissue vs tissue comparisons in chili pepper infected by P. capsici.
- Interactor
- Phytophthora capsici
.jpg?width=60)
Phytophthora capsicit0pathogen - Outcome
- differentially expressed genes (DEGs)e0
- Value
- 149,531e0
CapsicumNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under infection by Phytophthora capsici”
e0“There were 149,531 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from 39 different R vs. S, time vs. time, and tissue vs. tissue comparisons”
Claim · model-written summary
Of the DEGs, 75,520 (51%) showed higher expression across all tissues and post-inoculation times.
- Interactor
- Phytophthora capsiciPhytophthora capsicit0pathogen
- Outcome
- DEGse0
- Direction
- higher expressione0
- Value
- 75,520e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under infection by Phytophthora capsici”
e0“A total of 75,520 DEGs (51%) showed higher expression”
Claim · model-written summary
Of the DEGs, 74,011 (49%) showed lower expression across all tissues and post-inoculation times.
- Interactor
- Phytophthora capsiciPhytophthora capsicit0pathogen
- Outcome
- DEGse0
- Direction
- lower expressione0
- Value
- 74,011e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under infection by Phytophthora capsici”
e0“A total of 75,520 DEGs (51%) showed higher expression, whereas 74,011 (49%) demonstrated lower expression across all tissues and times of post-inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
The number of DEGs with higher expression decreased across post-inoculation times in the tissue samples, with the fewest at 72 h post-inoculation.
- Interactor
- Phytophthora capsiciPhytophthora capsicit0pathogen
- Outcome
- number of DEGs with higher expressione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under infection by Phytophthora capsici”
e0“The total number of DEGs with higher expression for the different tissue samples decreased across times of post-inoculation, where the 72h post-inoculation showed the least number of genes”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots generally showed a higher number of DEGs than stems and leaves.
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora capsiciPhytophthora capsicit0pathogen
- Outcome
- number of DEGse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- the stems and the leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under infection by Phytophthora capsici”
e0“The roots generally showed a higher number of DEGs compared to the stems and the leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Network analysis showed that genes functioning in defense response to fungal infection were also involved in carbohydrate metabolism and ADP binding.
- Interactor
- Phytophthora capsiciPhytophthora capsicit0pathogen
- Outcome
- genes with functions related to defense response to fungal infection were also involved with carbohydrate metabolism and ADP bindinge0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under infection by Phytophthora capsici”
e0“Network analyses of DEGs demonstrated that genes with functions related to defense response to fungal infection were also involved with carbohydrate metabolism and ADP binding”
Claim · model-written summary
Genes related to immune response to fungal infection and to amino acid metabolism showed higher expression across all infection times and tissues.
- Interactor
- Phytophthora capsiciPhytophthora capsicit0pathogen
- Outcome
- Genes related to immune response to fungal infection and amino acid metabolisme0
- Direction
- higher gene expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under infection by Phytophthora capsici”
e0“Genes related to immune response to fungal infection and amino acid metabolism (e.g., homoserine kinase activity) showed higher gene expression across all times of infection and tissue samples”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that the chili pepper transcriptome under P. capsici infection shows shared expression across tissues that can be used in breeding and selection for broad-spectrum resistance in Capsicum germplasm.
- Interactor
- P. capsiciPhytophthora capsicie0pathogen
- Outcome
- shared gene expression across multiple tissues which can be leveraged for breeding and selection for broad-spectrum resistancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chili pepper transcriptome under P. capsici infection provides evidence of shared gene expression across multiple tissues which can be leveraged for breeding and selection for broad-spectrum resistance in current Capsicum germplasm”