Abstract
African Crop Science Journal, Vol. 9, No. 1, March 2001, pp. 257-266 The Effect of Crop Rotation on Bacterial Wilt Incidence and Potato Tuber Yield Berga Lemaga, R. Kanzikwera, R. Kakuhenzire, J. J. Hakiza and G. Maniz Code Number: cs01056 ABSTRACT: To determine the effects of crop rotation on potato bacterial wilt incidence and tuber yields, one-and two-season rotation experiments were conducted during 1995-1999 at Kachwekano Agricultural Research and Development Centre located at an altitude of 2200 meters in southwestern Uganda. Pulses, cereals, root crops and vegetables commonly grown in the area were included in different sets of rotation experiments. Each time, prior to planting the experiment, the field was planted to a bacterial wilt susceptible potato variety and artificial inoculation was also done, when needed, to achieve a somewhat uniform distribution of Ralstonia solanacearum. A one-season rotation in heavily infested field (>90% wilt incidence) with wheat and maize did not significantly reduce wilt but increased ware tuber yield, while the effects of phaseolus beans were not significant. On the contrary, a one-season rotation in mildly infested field (about 15-20% infestation) resulted in a significant reduction in wilt incidence as compared to the control. The highest wilt incidence under rotation was below 13% as compared to 62% in the control. Finger millet and sweetpotatoes reduced wilt the most, while carrots and onions reduced the least. There were no significant yield differences among the rotation treatments except for the control. A two-season rotation on heavily infested soil reduced wilt to 22% - 49% as compared to 81% in the control. The highest wilt reduction was obtained with potato-beans-maize-potato treatment, while the lowest reduction was with potato-maize-maize-potato. Total yields and ware potatoes increased from 3.2 t ha-1 with the control monocrop to 9.3 - 11 t ha-1 with rotation and marketable yields increased from 1.8 t ha-1 to 6.7 - 9.2 t ha-1. Planting different crops in two consecutive seasons performed better than planting the same crop. Interestingly, sweetpotato, which is a major staple food in the area this experiment was conducted, was found to be a good rotation crop for reducing wilt. Beans, the most important food crop and a protein source, but probably a symptom less carrier of Ralstonia solanacearum can be a good rotation crop if used before or after cereals in a potato rotation scheme. KEY WORDS: Crop rotation, infestations, marketable yield, Solanum tuberosum, ware potatoes, wilt incidence RÉSUMÉ: Pour déterminer des effets de rotation des cultures sur l'incidence de la bactériose et le rendement des tubercules, des essais d'une saison et de deux saisons ont été conduits en 1995-1999 au centre de développement et de recherche agricole de Kachwekamo, situé à une altitude 2200 m au Sud-Ouest de l'Uganda. Des légumineuses à gousses, des céréales, des plantes à racines et tubercules, et des légumes communément cultivées dans cette région ont été inclues dans des differentes séries d'essais de rotation. Chaque fois, avant l' établissement de l'essai, le champ était planté d'une variété de pomme de terre sensible à la bactériose et une inoculation artificielle était faite, une fois jugée nécessaire pour avoir une uniformité de la distribution de Ralstonia solanacerum. Une saison de rotation dans un champ fortememnt infesté (>90% d' incidence) avec le blé et le maïs n'a pas réduit significativement le mildiou mais a augmenté le rendement des tubercules, alors que les effets des haricots phaseolés n'ont pas été importants. Au contraire, une saison de rotation dans un champ moyennement infesté (environ 15-20% d'infestation) a conduit à une réduction significative de l'incidence du mildiou par rapport au témoin. L'incidence la plus élevée sous rotation était inferieur à 18% par rapport à 62% du témoin. L' eleusine et les patates douces ont réduit le plus le mildiou, alors que les carrotttes et les oignons ont réduit le moins le mildiou. Ils n'y avaient pas de differences significatives entre les traitements de rotation excepté le témoin. Une rotation de deux saisons sur un sol fortement infesté a réduit le mildiou de 22-49% par rapport à 81% pour le contrôle. La réduction la plus élevée du mildiou a été obtenue avec le traitement pomme de terre-haricots-maïs- pomme de terre, alors que la plus faible réduction a été obtenue avec la pomme de terre-maïs-maïs-pomme de terre. Les rendements en tubercules a augmenté de 3.2 t ha-1 chez le témoin monoculture à 9.3-11t ha-1 avec rotation et le rendement commercialisable a augmenté de 1.8 t ha-1 jusqu'a 6.7-9.2t ha-1. La plantation de differentes cultures dans deux saisons consécutives ont donné des meilleurs résultats plus que la plantation d'une même culture. La patate douce, qui est une des principales cultures vivrières de cette région où l'essai a été conduit a été trouvée être une culture de rotation diminuant la bactériose. Les haricots, principale culture vivrière et une source de protéines, mais probablement moins transporteur de Ralstonia solanacearum, peut être une culture de bonne rotation, si il est utilisé avant ou après les céréales dans un programme de rotation de la pomme de terre. Mots Clés: Rotation des cultures, infestation, rendememnt commercialisable, Solanum tuberosum, ware potatoes, incidence du mildiou Copyright 2001, African Crop Science Society
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
In heavily infested fields, one-season wheat rotation did not significantly reduce potato wilt.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume1 - Treatment
- wheate0
- Outcome
- wilte0
- Direction
- did not significantly reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A one-season rotation in heavily infested field (>90% wilt incidence) with wheat and maize did not significantly reduce wilt”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
In heavily infested fields, one-season maize rotation did not significantly reduce potato wilt.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- maizee0
- Outcome
- wilte0
- Direction
- did not significantly reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A one-season rotation in heavily infested field (>90% wilt incidence) with wheat and maize did not significantly reduce wilt”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
In heavily infested fields, one-season wheat rotation increased ware tuber yield.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- wheate0
- Outcome
- ware tuber yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A one-season rotation in heavily infested field (>90% wilt incidence) with wheat and maize did not significantly reduce wilt but increased ware tuber yield”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
In heavily infested fields, one-season maize rotation increased ware tuber yield.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- maizee0
- Outcome
- ware tuber yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A one-season rotation in heavily infested field (>90% wilt incidence) with wheat and maize did not significantly reduce wilt but increased ware tuber yield”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
One-season phaseolus bean rotation had no significant reported effect.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- phaseolus beanse0
- Outcome
- effectse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effects of phaseolus beans were not significant”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
In mildly infested fields, one-season rotation significantly reduced wilt incidence versus control.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- one-season rotatione0
- Outcome
- wilt incidencee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- about 15-20% infestatione0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a one-season rotation in mildly infested field (about 15-20% infestation) resulted in a significant reduction in wilt incidence as compared to the control”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest wilt incidence under one-season rotation was below 13%, versus 62% in control.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- rotatione0
- Outcome
- wilt incidencee0
- Direction
- belowe0
- Value
- below 13%e0
- Qualifier
- 62%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest wilt incidence under rotation was below 13% as compared to 62% in the control”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Finger millet gave the greatest wilt reduction among one-season rotations.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- Finger millete0
- Outcome
- wilte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Finger millet and sweetpotatoes reduced wilt the most”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweetpotatoes gave the greatest wilt reduction among one-season rotations.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- sweetpotatoese0
- Outcome
- wilte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Finger millet and sweetpotatoes reduced wilt the most”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Carrots gave the least wilt reduction among one-season rotations.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- carrotse0
- Outcome
- wilte1
- Direction
- reduced the leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“carrots and onions reduced the least”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Onions gave the least wilt reduction among one-season rotations.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- onionse0
- Outcome
- wilte1
- Direction
- reduced the leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“carrots and onions reduced the least”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield did not differ significantly among one-season rotation treatments apart from control.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Outcome
- yield differencese0
- Direction
- no significante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were no significant yield differences among the rotation treatments except for the control”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Two-season rotation in heavily infested soil reduced wilt to 22%–49% versus 81% in control.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- two-season rotatione0
- Outcome
- wilte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 22% - 49%e0
- Qualifier
- 81%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A two-season rotation on heavily infested soil reduced wilt to 22% - 49% as compared to 81% in the control”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Potato-beans-maize-potato rotation had the highest wilt reduction.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- potato-beans-maize-potato treatmente0
- Outcome
- wilt reductione0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest wilt reduction was obtained with potato-beans-maize-potato treatment”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Potato-maize-maize-potato rotation had the lowest wilt reduction.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- potato-maize-maize-potatoe0
- Outcome
- reductione0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest reduction was with potato-maize-maize-potato”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation increased total and ware potato yields to 9.3–11 t ha-1 from 3.2 t ha-1.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- rotatione0
- Outcome
- Total yields and ware potatoese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 9.3 - 11 t ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 3.2 t ha-1e0
- Comparator
- control monocrope0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total yields and ware potatoes increased from 3.2 t ha-1 with the control monocrop to 9.3 - 11 t ha-1 with rotation”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotation increased marketable potato yield to 6.7–9.2 t ha-1 from 1.8 t ha-1.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- rotatione1
- Outcome
- marketable yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 6.7 - 9.2 t ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 1.8 t ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“marketable yields increased from 1.8 t ha-1 to 6.7 - 9.2 t ha-1”
e1“9.3 - 11 t ha-1 with rotation”
e2“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Different crops in successive seasons performed better than repeating one crop.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- different crops in two consecutive seasonse0
- Outcome
- performed bettere0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- same crope0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting different crops in two consecutive seasons performed better than planting the same crop”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Sweetpotato was identified as a good rotation crop for reducing potato wilt.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Outcome
- sweetpotatoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sweetpotato, which is a major staple food in the area this experiment was conducted, was found to be a good rotation crop for reducing wilt”
e1“potato bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Beans may be a good potato rotation crop before or after cereals.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- Beanse0
- Qualifier
- before or after cerealse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Beans, the most important food crop and a protein source, but probably a symptom less carrier of Ralstonia solanacearum can be a good rotation crop if used before or after cereals in a potato rotation scheme”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.