Abstract
Effective weed control is essential for sustainable and safe rice production, particularly under the long-term and widespread use of chemical herbicides. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oil crops worldwide, and the oilseed rape–rice rotation system is widely practiced in China. It has been reported to exhibit strong allelopathy on various plants, but the feasibility of using its straw incorporation for weed control in transplanted rice fields remains unclear. In this study, a natural weed management strategy based on shallow tillage of oilseed rape straw (ORS) was evaluated through laboratory bioassays, greenhouse experiments, and field trials. The results indicated that soil decomposition liquids (SDLs) of ORS exhibited strong dose- and decomposition time-dependent allelopathic effects on seven paddy weed species, while rice showed markedly lower sensitivity. ORS incorporated at 700–1100 g/m2 generally exhibited high integrated allelopathic inhibition (in lab) and population control effects (in greenhouse) on paddy weeds, especially Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees, Cyperus iria L., and Cyperus difformis L. Among the growth parameters of ORS allelopathic stress, root growth was the most sensitive indicator, followed by shoot growth and seed germination. Greenhouse experiments displayed variety-dependent impact on the transplanted rice seedlings, with Xiushui134 and Yongyou1540 showing relatively high tolerance. Field trials revealed that ORS incorporation at 1100 g/m2 for 10 d achieved a satisfactory control of population (77.7–84.9%) and fresh weight (80.7–95.6%) across Gramineae, Cyperaceae and Broadleaf weeds, without adverse impact on the growth of transplanted rice seedlings (Yongyou1540). This treatment also significantly promoted theoretical grain yield by 13.4–19.4%. Overall, shallow tillage of oilseed rape straw provides a feasible and environmentally friendly weed control strategy for transplanted rice systems.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Soil decomposition liquids of oilseed rape straw had strong allelopathic effects on seven paddy weed species.
- Taxon
- seven paddy weed speciese1
- Treatment
- soil decomposition liquids (SDLs) of ORSe1
- Outcome
- allelopathic effectse1
- Direction
- stronge1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“soil decomposition liquids (SDLs) of ORS exhibited strong dose- and decomposition time-dependent allelopathic effects on seven paddy weed species”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice showed markedly lower sensitivity to soil decomposition liquids of oilseed rape straw than paddy weed species.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae2 - Treatment
- soil decomposition liquids (SDLs) of ORSe1
- Outcome
- sensitivitye2
- Direction
- lowere2
- Comparator
- seven paddy weed speciese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soil decomposition liquids (SDLs) of ORS exhibited strong dose- and decomposition time-dependent allelopathic effects on seven paddy weed species”
e2“while rice showed markedly lower sensitivity”
Claim · model-written summary
ORS incorporated at 700–1100 g/m2 gave high integrated allelopathic inhibition of paddy weeds in the laboratory.
- Taxon
- paddy weedse3
- Treatment
- ORS incorporated at 700–1100 g/m2e3
- Outcome
- integrated allelopathic inhibitione3
- Direction
- highe3
- Setting
- in labe3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e3“ORS incorporated at 700–1100 g/m2 generally exhibited high integrated allelopathic inhibition (in lab) and population control effects (in greenhouse) on paddy weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
ORS incorporated at 700–1100 g/m2 gave high population control of paddy weeds in the greenhouse.
- Taxon
- paddy weedse3
- Treatment
- ORS incorporated at 700–1100 g/m2e3
- Outcome
- population control effectse3
- Direction
- highe3
- Setting
- in greenhousee3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e3“ORS incorporated at 700–1100 g/m2 generally exhibited high integrated allelopathic inhibition (in lab) and population control effects (in greenhouse) on paddy weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Root growth was the most sensitive growth parameter to ORS allelopathic stress in paddy weeds, followed by shoot growth and seed germination.
Verbatim
e1“soil decomposition liquids (SDLs) of ORS exhibited strong dose- and decomposition time-dependent allelopathic effects on seven paddy weed species”
e5“Among the growth parameters of ORS allelopathic stress, root growth was the most sensitive indicator, followed by shoot growth and seed germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Xiushui134 and Yongyou1540 showed relatively high tolerance to ORS allelopathic stress in greenhouse-grown rice seedlings.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae6
- Material
- Xiushui134 and Yongyou1540e6
- Outcome
- tolerancee6
- Qualifier
- relatively highe6
- Setting
- Greenhouse experimentse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Greenhouse experiments displayed variety-dependent impact on the transplanted rice seedlings, with Xiushui134 and Yongyou1540 showing relatively high tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
ORS incorporated at 1100 g/m2 for 10 d achieved 77.7–84.9% control of weed population in field trials.
- Taxon
- Gramineae, Cyperaceae and Broadleaf weedse7
- Treatment
- ORS incorporation at 1100 g/m2 for 10 de7
- Outcome
- control of populatione7
- Direction
- achievede7
- Value
- 77.7–84.9%e7
- Setting
- Field trialse7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e7“Field trials revealed that ORS incorporation at 1100 g/m2 for 10 d achieved a satisfactory control of population (77.7–84.9%) and fresh weight (80.7–95.6%) across Gramineae, Cyperaceae and Broadleaf weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
ORS incorporated at 1100 g/m2 for 10 d achieved 80.7–95.6% control of weed fresh weight in field trials.
- Taxon
- Gramineae, Cyperaceae and Broadleaf weedse7
- Treatment
- ORS incorporation at 1100 g/m2 for 10 de7
- Outcome
- fresh weighte7
- Direction
- achievede7
- Value
- 80.7–95.6%e7
- Setting
- Field trialse7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e7“Field trials revealed that ORS incorporation at 1100 g/m2 for 10 d achieved a satisfactory control of population (77.7–84.9%) and fresh weight (80.7–95.6%) across Gramineae, Cyperaceae and Broadleaf weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
ORS incorporation at 1100 g/m2 for 10 d had no adverse impact on the growth of transplanted rice seedlings.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- ORS incorporation at 1100 g/m2 for 10 de7
- Outcome
- growth of transplanted rice seedlingse2
- Direction
- without adverse impacte2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Field trials revealed that ORS incorporation at 1100 g/m2 for 10 d achieved a satisfactory control of population (77.7–84.9%) and fresh weight (80.7–95.6%) across Gramineae, Cyperaceae and Broadleaf weeds”
e2“without adverse impact on the growth of transplanted rice seedlings (Yongyou1540)”
Claim · model-written summary
ORS incorporation at 1100 g/m2 for 10 d significantly promoted theoretical grain yield of rice by 13.4–19.4%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- ORS incorporation at 1100 g/m2 for 10 de7
- Outcome
- theoretical grain yielde3
- Direction
- promotede3
- Value
- 13.4–19.4%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Field trials revealed that ORS incorporation at 1100 g/m2 for 10 d achieved a satisfactory control of population (77.7–84.9%) and fresh weight (80.7–95.6%) across Gramineae, Cyperaceae and Broadleaf weeds”
e2“without adverse impact on the growth of transplanted rice seedlings (Yongyou1540)”
e3“This treatment also significantly promoted theoretical grain yield by 13.4–19.4%”
Claim · model-written summary
Shallow tillage of oilseed rape straw is a feasible and environmentally friendly weed control strategy for transplanted rice systems.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- weed control strategye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Overall, shallow tillage of oilseed rape straw provides a feasible and environmentally friendly weed control strategy for transplanted rice systems”
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See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.