Abstract
ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of two distinct distillation techniques: hydro‐distillation (HD) and microwave‐assisted hydro‐distillation (MHD), on the chemical composition of Cordia myxa fruits essential oil (EO). The study examines how different methods of extraction could alter the EO amount and composition of the EO extracted. EO of all samples was analysed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Compounds 37 and 27 were identified by HD and MHD with oil yield of 0.0095% and 0.011% for both methods, respectively. The findings reveal substantial differences in both profiles yielded by each method. In the case of HD, the majority of essential oil by area was palmitic acid (18) 25.59%, and the greener method, MHD, altered the oil composition by resulting in changing the major constituent Simetryn (42) 29.46%. The antimicrobial properties of essential oils obtained through HD and MHD have been tested against eleven different pathogens. The EO extracted by HD and MHD did not show any antimicrobial activity against test organisms at a concentration of 5 μL/disc. Molecular docking studies against S. aureus , B. subtilis and EGFR kinase showed compound 46 and other fatty acid derivatives of lengthy chains to be powerful ligands with binding affinities equal to reference standards.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Hydro-distillation identified 37 essential-oil compounds.
- Taxon
- Cordia myxa
Cordia myxae1 - Treatment
- HDe0
- Outcome
- Compoundse0
- Value
- 37e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compounds 37 and 27 were identified by HD and MHD with oil yield of 0.0095% and 0.011% for both methods, respectively.”
e1“Cordia myxa fruits essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Microwave-assisted hydro-distillation identified 27 essential-oil compounds.
- Taxon
- Cordia myxaCordia myxae1
- Treatment
- MHDe0
- Outcome
- Compoundse0
- Value
- 27e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compounds 37 and 27 were identified by HD and MHD with oil yield of 0.0095% and 0.011% for both methods, respectively.”
e1“Cordia myxa fruits essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydro-distillation yielded 0.0095% oil.
- Taxon
- Cordia myxaCordia myxae1
- Treatment
- HDe0
- Outcome
- oil yielde0
- Value
- 0.0095%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compounds 37 and 27 were identified by HD and MHD with oil yield of 0.0095% and 0.011% for both methods, respectively.”
e1“Cordia myxa fruits essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Microwave-assisted hydro-distillation yielded 0.011% oil.
- Taxon
- Cordia myxaCordia myxae1
- Treatment
- MHDe0
- Outcome
- oil yielde0
- Value
- 0.011%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compounds 37 and 27 were identified by HD and MHD with oil yield of 0.0095% and 0.011% for both methods, respectively.”
e1“Cordia myxa fruits essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Palmitic acid was the major hydro-distilled essential-oil constituent at 25.59% by area.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the case of HD, the majority of essential oil by area was palmitic acid (18) 25.59%”
e1“Cordia myxa fruits essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Simetryn was the major microwave-assisted hydro-distilled essential-oil constituent at 29.46%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MHD, altered the oil composition by resulting in changing the major constituent Simetryn (42) 29.46%”
e1“Cordia myxa fruits essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydro-distilled essential oil showed no antimicrobial activity against test organisms at 5 μL/disc.
- Taxon
- Cordia myxaCordia myxae1
- Treatment
- HDe0
- Outcome
- antimicrobial activity against test organismse0
- Direction
- did not show anye0
- Value
- 5 μL/disce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The EO extracted by HD and MHD did not show any antimicrobial activity against test organisms at a concentration of 5 μL/disc.”
e1“Cordia myxa fruits essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Microwave-assisted hydro-distilled essential oil showed no antimicrobial activity against test organisms at 5 μL/disc.
- Taxon
- Cordia myxaCordia myxae1
- Treatment
- MHDe0
- Outcome
- antimicrobial activity against test organismse0
- Direction
- did not show anye0
- Value
- 5 μL/disce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The EO extracted by HD and MHD did not show any antimicrobial activity against test organisms at a concentration of 5 μL/disc.”
e1“Cordia myxa fruits essential oil”
Claim · model-written summary
Docking found compound 46 and other long-chain fatty-acid derivatives had binding affinities equal to standards against the tested targets.
- Taxon
- Cordia myxaCordia myxae1
- Compound
- compound 46e0
- Outcome
- binding affinitiese0
- Direction
- equal toe0
- Comparator
- reference standardse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Molecular docking studies against S. aureus , B. subtilis and EGFR kinase showed compound 46 and other fatty acid derivatives of lengthy chains to be powerful ligands with binding affinities equal to reference standards.”
e1“Cordia myxa fruits essential oil”