Abstract
Abstract BACKGROUND Seed‐borne pathogens substantially reduce cucumber yield and seed quality. Seed fumigation may provide effective disinfestation while maintaining seed viability. This study evaluated ethylicin (ETH) as a fumigant for cucumber seeds and compared its performance with that of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) and chloropicrin (CP). RESULTS ETH showed the highest overall efficacy in closed‐plate bioassays and pot experiments, with over 75% inhibition of the target pathogens, outperforming AITC and CP. ETH fumigation selectively reshaped the seed‐associated microbiota, significantly reducing pathogenic fungal and bacterial taxa, including Fusarium (69.55%), Alternaria (52.16%), and Proteobacteria. It also increased germination and emergence by 10.00–24.32%, and improved plant height (7.30–16.60%), stem thickness (2.73–5.11%), and chlorophyll content (6.77–7.80%). ETH‐treated plants produced up to seven flowers per plant, compared with three in the control and seed residues ranged from 1.19 to 7.55 mg kg −1 . CONCLUSION ETH shows strong potential as a cucumber seed‐fumigant, combining high disease suppression with improved crop establishment. These results offer a practical alternative to conventional fumigants for improving seed health and supporting sustainable cucumber production. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
ETH showed the highest efficacy against target pathogens of cucumber seeds, outperforming AITC and CP, with over 75% inhibition.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- ETHe2
- Interactor
- target pathogense1pathogen
- Outcome
- inhibition of the target pathogense1
- Direction
- outperforminge1
- Value
- over 75%e1
- Comparator
- AITC and CPe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduce cucumber yield and seed quality”
e1“with over 75% inhibition of the target pathogens, outperforming AITC and CP”
e2“ETH showed the highest overall efficacy”
Claim · model-written summary
ETH fumigation significantly reduced pathogenic fungal and bacterial taxa on cucumber seeds, including Fusarium (69.55%).
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- ETH fumigatione3
- Outcome
- pathogenic fungal and bacterial taxae4
- Direction
- reducinge4
- Value
- 69.55%e4
FusariumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduce cucumber yield and seed quality”
e3“ETH fumigation”
e4“significantly reducing pathogenic fungal and bacterial taxa, including Fusarium (69.55%), Alternaria (52.16%), and Proteobacteria”
Claim · model-written summary
ETH fumigation significantly reduced pathogenic fungal and bacterial taxa on cucumber seeds, including Alternaria (52.16%).
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- ETH fumigatione3
- Interactor
- Alternaria
Alternariae4pathogen - Outcome
- pathogenic fungal and bacterial taxae4
- Direction
- reducinge4
- Value
- 52.16%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduce cucumber yield and seed quality”
e3“ETH fumigation”
e4“significantly reducing pathogenic fungal and bacterial taxa, including Fusarium (69.55%), Alternaria (52.16%), and Proteobacteria”
Claim · model-written summary
ETH fumigation significantly reduced Proteobacteria on cucumber seeds.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- ETH fumigatione3
- Outcome
- Proteobacteriae4
- Direction
- reducinge4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduce cucumber yield and seed quality”
e3“ETH fumigation”
e4“significantly reducing pathogenic fungal and bacterial taxa, including Fusarium (69.55%), Alternaria (52.16%), and Proteobacteria”
Claim · model-written summary
ETH fumigation increased germination and emergence of cucumber by 10.00–24.32%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- ETH fumigatione3
- Outcome
- germination and emergencee5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 10.00–24.32%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduce cucumber yield and seed quality”
e3“ETH fumigation”
e5“It also increased germination and emergence by 10.00–24.32%”
Claim · model-written summary
ETH fumigation improved plant height of cucumber by 7.30–16.60%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- ETH fumigatione3
- Outcome
- plant heighte6
- Direction
- improvede6
- Value
- 7.30–16.60%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduce cucumber yield and seed quality”
e3“ETH fumigation”
e6“improved plant height (7.30–16.60%), stem thickness (2.73–5.11%), and chlorophyll content (6.77–7.80%)”
Claim · model-written summary
ETH fumigation improved stem thickness of cucumber by 2.73–5.11%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- ETH fumigatione3
- Outcome
- stem thicknesse6
- Direction
- improvede6
- Value
- 2.73–5.11%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduce cucumber yield and seed quality”
e3“ETH fumigation”
e6“improved plant height (7.30–16.60%), stem thickness (2.73–5.11%), and chlorophyll content (6.77–7.80%)”
Claim · model-written summary
ETH fumigation improved chlorophyll content of cucumber by 6.77–7.80%.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- ETH fumigatione3
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente6
- Direction
- improvede6
- Value
- 6.77–7.80%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduce cucumber yield and seed quality”
e3“ETH fumigation”
e6“improved plant height (7.30–16.60%), stem thickness (2.73–5.11%), and chlorophyll content (6.77–7.80%)”
Claim · model-written summary
ETH-treated cucumber plants produced up to seven flowers per plant, compared with three in the control.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- ETHe3
- Outcome
- flowers per plante7
- Direction
- increaseinferrede7
- Value
- up to sevene7
- Qualifier
- three in the controle7
- Comparator
- controle7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduce cucumber yield and seed quality”
e3“ETH fumigation”
e7“produced up to seven flowers per plant, compared with three in the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed residues of ethylicin ranged from 1.19 to 7.55 mg kg −1.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Outcome
- seed residuese1
- Value
- 1.19 to 7.55 mg kg −1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduce cucumber yield and seed quality”
e1“seed residues ranged from 1.19 to 7.55 mg kg −1”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend ethylicin as a seed fumigant for cucumber, with strong potential for disease suppression and crop establishment.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- ETHe0
- Outcome
- strong potentiale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ETH shows strong potential as a cucumber seed”
The same questions in other papers
solarization · growth · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
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See all 10 papers →solarization · Fusarium · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.