Abstract
Dalbergia latifolia Roxb. is a high-value species known for its phytochemical richness, although the comparative bioactive potential of its different plant parts remains underexplored. The present study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant potential of ethanolic leaf (ELDL), stem (ESDL), and bark (EBDL) extracts of D. latifolia. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of major secondary metabolites, including phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and sterols. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents showed minor, non-significant variation among extracts (P > 0.05), with ELDL showing the highest phenolic content (8.09 ± 1.12 mg GAE/g) and ESDL showing the highest flavonoid content (3.68 ± 0.01 mg QE/g). Antioxidant activity was assessed using total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reducing power assay (RPA), DPPH, and ABTS radical scavenging assays. TAC differed significantly among extracts, with EBDL showing the highest activity (323.83 ± 3.70 mg AAE/g), followed by ESDL and ELDL (P < 0.05). In contrast, RPA values were statistically comparable among extracts (p = 0.1621). In DPPH, ELDL and ESDL showed comparable IC₅₀ values (16.00 ± 0.76 and 16.18 ± 0.18 µg/mL) and significantly stronger activity than EBDL (31.26 ± 3.67 µg/mL; P < 0.0001). Similarly, in ABTS, ELDL and ESDL showed lower IC₅₀ values than EBDL (P < 0.0001), with ELDL comparable to the standard Trolox (P = 0.0563). The findings demonstrate assay-dependent antioxidant variation in D. latifolia, with bark showing stronger total antioxidant capacity and leaf and stem extracts showing superior radical scavenging activity. This study can help understand tissue-specific bioactivity and its therapeutic use to guide extraction as well as spatial isolation and characterization of the phytoconstituents.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Extracts contained phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids and sterols.
- Taxon
- Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.
Dalbergia latifoliat0 - Outcome
- presence of major secondary metabolites, including phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and sterolse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of major secondary metabolites, including phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and sterols.”
t0“Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf extract had the highest phenolic content, 8.09 ± 1.12 mg GAE/g, with nonsignificant variation among extracts.
- Taxon
- Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.Dalbergia latifoliat0
- Organ / stage
- ELDLe0
- Outcome
- phenolic contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 8.09 ± 1.12 mg GAE/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total phenolic and flavonoid contents showed minor, non-significant variation among extracts (P > 0.05), with ELDL showing the highest phenolic content (8.09 ± 1.12 mg GAE/g) and ESDL showing the highest flavonoid content (3.68 ± 0.01 mg QE/g).”
t0“Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem extract had the highest flavonoid content, 3.68 ± 0.01 mg QE/g, with nonsignificant variation among extracts.
- Taxon
- Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.Dalbergia latifoliat0
- Organ / stage
- ESDLe0
- Outcome
- flavonoid contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.68 ± 0.01 mg QE/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total phenolic and flavonoid contents showed minor, non-significant variation among extracts (P > 0.05), with ELDL showing the highest phenolic content (8.09 ± 1.12 mg GAE/g) and ESDL showing the highest flavonoid content (3.68 ± 0.01 mg QE/g).”
t0“Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bark extract had the highest total antioxidant capacity, 323.83 ± 3.70 mg AAE/g.
- Taxon
- Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.Dalbergia latifoliat0
- Organ / stage
- EBDLe0
- Outcome
- TACe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 323.83 ± 3.70 mg AAE/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TAC differed significantly among extracts, with EBDL showing the highest activity (323.83 ± 3.70 mg AAE/g), followed by ESDL and ELDL (P < 0.05).”
t0“Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing power was statistically comparable among extracts.
- Taxon
- Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.Dalbergia latifoliat0
- Outcome
- RPA valuese0
- Direction
- statistically comparablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RPA values were statistically comparable among extracts (p = 0.1621).”
t0“Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf extract DPPH IC₅₀ was 16.00 ± 0.76 µg/mL and activity was stronger than bark extract.
- Taxon
- Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.Dalbergia latifoliat0
- Organ / stage
- ELDLe0
- Outcome
- IC₅₀ valuese0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Value
- 16.00 ± 0.76e0
- Comparator
- EBDLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In DPPH, ELDL and ESDL showed comparable IC₅₀ values (16.00 ± 0.76 and 16.18 ± 0.18 µg/mL) and significantly stronger activity than EBDL (31.26 ± 3.67 µg/mL; P < 0.0001).”
t0“Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem extract DPPH IC₅₀ was 16.18 ± 0.18 µg/mL and activity was stronger than bark extract.
- Taxon
- Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.Dalbergia latifoliat0
- Organ / stage
- ESDLe0
- Outcome
- IC₅₀ valuese0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Value
- 16.18 ± 0.18 µg/mLe0
- Comparator
- EBDLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In DPPH, ELDL and ESDL showed comparable IC₅₀ values (16.00 ± 0.76 and 16.18 ± 0.18 µg/mL) and significantly stronger activity than EBDL (31.26 ± 3.67 µg/mL; P < 0.0001).”
t0“Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf extract ABTS IC₅₀ was lower than bark extract and comparable to Trolox.
- Taxon
- Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.Dalbergia latifoliat0
- Organ / stage
- ELDLe0
- Outcome
- IC₅₀ valuese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- comparable to the standard Troloxe0
- Comparator
- EBDLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in ABTS, ELDL and ESDL showed lower IC₅₀ values than EBDL (P < 0.0001), with ELDL comparable to the standard Trolox (P = 0.0563).”
t0“Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem extract ABTS IC₅₀ was lower than bark extract.
- Taxon
- Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.Dalbergia latifoliat0
- Organ / stage
- ESDLe0
- Outcome
- IC₅₀ valuese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- EBDLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in ABTS, ELDL and ESDL showed lower IC₅₀ values than EBDL (P < 0.0001)”
t0“Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.”