Abstract
ABSTRACT Maize ( Zea mays L.) is a globally important crop used for food, feed and industrial raw materials. However, fungal diseases, particularly southern corn leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis , lead to severe yield losses. As an alternative to fungicide treatments, this study aimed to identify bacterial isolates and their crude extracts with antagonistic potential against B. maydis and efficient suppression of southern corn leaf blight. The research comprised four experimental stages: (E1) dual‐culture assays to select six antagonistic bacterial isolates; (E2) production of cell‐free crude extracts to determine their antifungal properties; (E3) in vitro evaluation of the compatibility and combined effect of bacterial cells and crude extracts; and (E4) greenhouse experiments using the ‘Potiguar’ maize cultivar to assess disease severity reduction in vivo. In greenhouse trials, bacterial suspensions or crude extracts were sprayed on the foliage to run‐off, simultaneously with B. maydis inoculation, followed by high‐humidity incubation. Six isolates— Bacillus velezensis , B. altitudinis , Pseudomonas putida , P. aeruginosa , Priestia megaterium and a Pantoea sp. reduced the pathogen's colony area by at least 50% after 7 days of co‐culture. Their crude extracts resulted in antibiosis, reducing colony area by 11.0% to 77.7%, while Pantoea sp. suppressed leaf blight severity by 28.2% in greenhouse conditions, and P. aeruagina 'crude extract by 45.3%. These results contribute to developing sustainable alternatives for southern corn leaf blight management.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus velezensis reduced pathogen colony area at least 50% after seven days of co-culture.
- Treatment
- Bacillus velezensise1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris maydis
Bipolaris maydise2pathogen - Second interactor
- Bacillus velezensis
Bacillus velezensise1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- pathogen's colony areae1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- at least 50%e1
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize ( Zea mays L.)”
e1“Six isolates— Bacillus velezensis , B. altitudinis , Pseudomonas putida , P. aeruginosa , Priestia megaterium and a Pantoea sp. reduced the pathogen's colony area by at least 50% after 7 days of co‐culture.”
e2“southern corn leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis”
Claim · model-written summary
B. altitudinis reduced pathogen colony area at least 50% after seven days of co-culture.
- Treatment
- B. altitudinise1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris maydisBipolaris maydise2pathogen
- Second interactor
- B. altitudinisBacillus altitudinise1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- pathogen's colony areae1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- at least 50%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize ( Zea mays L.)”
e1“Six isolates— Bacillus velezensis , B. altitudinis , Pseudomonas putida , P. aeruginosa , Priestia megaterium and a Pantoea sp. reduced the pathogen's colony area by at least 50% after 7 days of co‐culture.”
e2“southern corn leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas putida reduced pathogen colony area at least 50% after seven days of co-culture.
- Treatment
- Pseudomonas putidae1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris maydisBipolaris maydise2pathogen
- Second interactor
- Pseudomonas putida
Pseudomonas putidae1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- pathogen's colony areae1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- at least 50%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize ( Zea mays L.)”
e1“Six isolates— Bacillus velezensis , B. altitudinis , Pseudomonas putida , P. aeruginosa , Priestia megaterium and a Pantoea sp. reduced the pathogen's colony area by at least 50% after 7 days of co‐culture.”
e2“southern corn leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis”
Claim · model-written summary
P. aeruginosa reduced pathogen colony area at least 50% after seven days of co-culture.
- Treatment
- P. aeruginosae1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris maydisBipolaris maydise2pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosae1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- pathogen's colony areae1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- at least 50%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize ( Zea mays L.)”
e1“Six isolates— Bacillus velezensis , B. altitudinis , Pseudomonas putida , P. aeruginosa , Priestia megaterium and a Pantoea sp. reduced the pathogen's colony area by at least 50% after 7 days of co‐culture.”
e2“southern corn leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis”
Claim · model-written summary
Priestia megaterium reduced pathogen colony area at least 50% after seven days of co-culture.
- Treatment
- Priestia megateriume1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris maydisBipolaris maydise2pathogen
- Second interactor
- Priestia megaterium
Priestia megateriume1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- pathogen's colony areae1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- at least 50%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize ( Zea mays L.)”
e1“Six isolates— Bacillus velezensis , B. altitudinis , Pseudomonas putida , P. aeruginosa , Priestia megaterium and a Pantoea sp. reduced the pathogen's colony area by at least 50% after 7 days of co‐culture.”
e2“southern corn leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis”
Claim · model-written summary
Pantoea sp. reduced pathogen colony area at least 50% after seven days of co-culture.
- Treatment
- Pantoea sp.e1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris maydisBipolaris maydise2pathogen
- Outcome
- pathogen's colony areae1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- at least 50%e1
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
PantoeaNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Maize ( Zea mays L.)”
e1“Six isolates— Bacillus velezensis , B. altitudinis , Pseudomonas putida , P. aeruginosa , Priestia megaterium and a Pantoea sp. reduced the pathogen's colony area by at least 50% after 7 days of co‐culture.”
e2“southern corn leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis”
Claim · model-written summary
Crude extracts from the selected isolates reduced pathogen colony area by 11.0% to 77.7%.
- Treatment
- crude extractse1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris maydisBipolaris maydise2pathogen
- Outcome
- colony areae1
- Direction
- reducinge1
- Value
- 11.0% to 77.7%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize ( Zea mays L.)”
e1“Their crude extracts resulted in antibiosis, reducing colony area by 11.0% to 77.7%”
e2“southern corn leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis”
Claim · model-written summary
Pantoea sp. suppressed maize leaf blight severity by 28.2% in greenhouse conditions.
- Treatment
- Pantoea sp.e1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris maydisBipolaris maydise2pathogen
- Outcome
- leaf blight severitye1
- Direction
- suppressede1
- Value
- 28.2%e1
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize ( Zea mays L.)”
e1“Pantoea sp. suppressed leaf blight severity by 28.2% in greenhouse conditions, and P. aeruagina 'crude extract by 45.3%”
e2“southern corn leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis”
Claim · model-written summary
P. aeruagina 'crude extract suppressed maize leaf blight severity by 45.3% in greenhouse conditions.
- Treatment
- P. aeruagina 'crude extracte1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris maydisBipolaris maydise2pathogen
- Outcome
- leaf blight severitye1
- Direction
- suppressede1
- Value
- 45.3%e1
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize ( Zea mays L.)”
e1“Pantoea sp. suppressed leaf blight severity by 28.2% in greenhouse conditions, and P. aeruagina 'crude extract by 45.3%”
e2“southern corn leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis”
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botanical · Bipolaris maydis · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
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