Paper · 2026 · Plant Science Today

Influence of foliar application of urea and micronutrients on growth, yield attributes and nutrient uptake of green gram (Vigna radiata L.)

R Amit; H T Sujatha; S Ramandeep; et al.

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10
verbatim quotes
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citations
2
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Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Pulses are inexpensive and widely consumed sources of protein in the human diet. They have enormous potential for enhancing human health, environmental protection, soil conservation and contributing to global food security. Currently in Indian agriculture, micronutrient deficiency is one of the major obstacles in crop production. Hence, a research trial was carried out to evaluate influence of foliar application of boron, urea and zinc on growth and yield of green gram during 2021 at Research Farm, Lovely Professional University, Punjab. This experiment was conducted in randomized block design (RBD) including 8 treatments with 3 replications. The treatments comprised of foliar application of urea at 2 %, single super phosphate (SSP) at 2 %, borax at 0.2 %, zinc ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) at 0.1 %, urea at 2 % + SSP at 2 %, urea at 2 % + borax at 0.2 %, urea at 2 % + zinc EDTA at 0.1 % and control (no foliar application). The results indicated that, significantly higher growth parameters, physiological parameters, yield parameters and seed yield (14.3 q ha-1) were recorded in foliar application of urea at 2 % + borax at 0.2 % as compared with other treatments. However, foliar application of urea at 2 % + SSP at 2 % was statistically at par with foliar application of urea at 2 % + zinc EDTA at 0.1 %. Contrarily, control treatment produced significantly lower values as compared to foliar application treatments.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Urea plus borax gave significantly higher growth and physiological parameters than other treatments.

Treatment
foliar application of urea at 2 % + borax at 0.2 %e0
Outcome
growth parameters, physiological parameterse0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significantly higher growth parameters, physiological parameters, yield parameters and seed yield (14.3 q ha-1) were recorded in foliar application of urea at 2 % + borax at 0.2 % as compared with other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 975–1188 · show in text ↑
t0

“green gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 110–120 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Urea plus borax gave significantly higher yield parameters than other treatments.

Treatment
foliar application of urea at 2 % + borax at 0.2 %e0
Outcome
yield parameterse0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significantly higher growth parameters, physiological parameters, yield parameters and seed yield (14.3 q ha-1) were recorded in foliar application of urea at 2 % + borax at 0.2 % as compared with other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 975–1188 · show in text ↑
t0

“green gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 110–120 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Urea plus borax gave seed yield of 14.3 q ha-1, significantly higher than other treatments.

Treatment
foliar application of urea at 2 % + borax at 0.2 %e0
Outcome
seed yielde0
Direction
highere0
Value
14.3 q ha-1e0
Comparator
other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significantly higher growth parameters, physiological parameters, yield parameters and seed yield (14.3 q ha-1) were recorded in foliar application of urea at 2 % + borax at 0.2 % as compared with other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 975–1188 · show in text ↑
t0

“green gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 110–120 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Urea plus SSP performed statistically at par with urea plus zinc EDTA.

Treatment
foliar application of urea at 2 % + SSP at 2 %e0
Outcome
statistically at pare0
Comparator
foliar application of urea at 2 % + zinc EDTA at 0.1 %e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“foliar application of urea at 2 % + SSP at 2 % was statistically at par with foliar application of urea at 2 % + zinc EDTA at 0.1 %”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1199–1330 · show in text ↑
t0

“green gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 110–120 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Untreated control had significantly lower values than foliar treatments.

Treatment
control treatmente0
Outcome
valuese0
Direction
lowere0
Comparator
foliar application treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“control treatment produced significantly lower values as compared to foliar application treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1344–1442 · show in text ↑
t0

“green gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 110–120 · show in text ↑

borax · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

borax · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree

8 papers: 8 positive, 0 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results differ

88 papers: 81 positive, 7 negative or no effect

80 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

84 papers more in this group

See all 88 papers →

nitrogen · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

40 papers: 39 positive, 1 negative or no effect

38 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

36 papers more in this group

See all 40 papers →

application · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

98 papers: 94 positive, 4 negative or no effect

93 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

94 papers more in this group

See all 98 papers →

application · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

216 papers: 209 positive, 7 negative or no effect

208 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

212 papers more in this group

See all 216 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.