Abstract
Abstract In plasticulture strawberry systems where growers intend to maintain plantings into a second harvest season, stolons (runners) are undesirable because they produce daughter plants that divert resources from the mother plant and complicate field maintenance. Manual runner removal is labor-intensive, and removal becomes more challenging once daughter plants have rooted in the row middles. Napropamide and pendimethalin were evaluated in greenhouse studies to assess their potential to suppress daughter-plant rooting and facilitate runner removal. Greenhouse studies used a threepot experimental unit consisting of one strawberry mother plant with two runners, each bearing one unrooted daughter plant, and two side pots simulating row middles. Three simulated herbicide application treatments were evaluated, including broadcast (foliar + side pot spray), in-row (foliar spray only), and row-middle (side pot spray only) applications, and were compared against a nontreated control. On mother plants, napropamide caused transient foliar injury but did not affect runner production or biomass. On daughter plants, napropamide caused transient injury and suppressed new growth at 4 wk after treatment (WAT), reducing daughter-plant biomass by 59–68%. Napropamide also eliminated the pull force required for removal relative to the nontreated control and reduced above- and belowground biomass up to 49% and by >95%, respectively, demonstrating effective suppression of runner establishment by reducing daughter plant rooting. However, suppression was transient; by 8 WAT, only the broadcast treatment consistently maintained rooting inhibition, likely due to herbicide degradation over time. Pendimethalin caused no effects on mother plants or daughter plants under any application method and failed to inhibit daughter plant rooting entirely. These results suggest that napropamide applied to the row middles, the only label-compliant method evaluated, can effectively suppress daughter plant rooting for at least one month, providing growers with a supplementary benefit of eased runner removal during summer weed management.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Napropamide did not affect runner production or biomass of strawberry mother plants relative to the nontreated control.
- Taxon
- Strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- napropamidee0
- Outcome
- runner production or biomasse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Comparator
- nontreated controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Strawberry”
e0“On mother plants, napropamide caused transient foliar injury but did not affect runner production or biomass”
e1“compared against a nontreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Napropamide caused transient foliar injury on strawberry mother plants.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- napropamidee0
- Outcome
- transient foliar injurye0
- Comparator
- nontreated controle1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Strawberry”
e0“On mother plants, napropamide caused transient foliar injury but did not affect runner production or biomass”
e1“compared against a nontreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Napropamide suppressed new growth of strawberry daughter plants at 4 weeks after treatment, reducing daughter-plant biomass by 59–68%.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- napropamidee0
- Outcome
- daughter-plant biomasse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Value
- 59–68%e0
- Qualifier
- 4 wk after treatment (WAT)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Strawberry”
e0“napropamide caused transient injury and suppressed new growth at 4 wk after treatment (WAT), reducing daughter-plant biomass by 59–68%”
Claim · model-written summary
Napropamide eliminated the pull force required for removal of daughter plants relative to the nontreated control.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Napropamidee0
- Outcome
- pull force required for removale0
- Direction
- eliminatede0
- Comparator
- nontreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Strawberry”
e0“Napropamide also eliminated the pull force required for removal relative to the nontreated control and reduced above- and belowground biomass up to 49% and by >95%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Napropamide reduced aboveground biomass by up to 49% relative to the nontreated control.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Napropamidee0
- Outcome
- above- and belowground biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- up to 49%e0
- Comparator
- nontreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Strawberry”
e0“Napropamide also eliminated the pull force required for removal relative to the nontreated control and reduced above- and belowground biomass up to 49% and by >95%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Napropamide reduced belowground biomass by more than 95% relative to the nontreated control.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Napropamidee0
- Outcome
- belowground biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- >95%e0
- Comparator
- nontreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Strawberry”
e0“Napropamide also eliminated the pull force required for removal relative to the nontreated control and reduced above- and belowground biomass up to 49% and by >95%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
By 8 weeks after treatment only the broadcast napropamide treatment consistently maintained inhibition of daughter plant rooting.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- broadcast treatmente0
- Outcome
- rooting inhibitione0
- Qualifier
- by 8 WATe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Strawberry”
e0“by 8 WAT, only the broadcast treatment consistently maintained rooting inhibition”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin had no effects on strawberry mother plants or daughter plants under any application method.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Pendimethaline0
- Outcome
- effects on mother plants or daughter plantse0
- Direction
- no effectse0
- Qualifier
- under any application methode0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Strawberry”
e0“Pendimethalin caused no effects on mother plants or daughter plants under any application method and failed to inhibit daughter plant rooting entirely”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin failed to inhibit daughter plant rooting entirely.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Pendimethaline0
- Outcome
- daughter plant rootinge0
- Direction
- failed to inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Strawberry”
e0“Pendimethalin caused no effects on mother plants or daughter plants under any application method and failed to inhibit daughter plant rooting entirely”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that napropamide applied to the row middles, the only label-compliant method evaluated, can effectively suppress daughter plant rooting for at least one month.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- napropamide applied to the row middlese0
- Outcome
- daughter plant rootinge0
- Qualifier
- for at least one monthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Strawberry”
e0“napropamide applied to the row middles, the only label-compliant method evaluated, can effectively suppress daughter plant rooting for at least one month”
The same questions in other papers
napropamide · yield · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →napropamide · growth · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →pendimethalin · growth · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
transplanting · disease · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.