Abstract
The research of some alternative variants to conventional soil tillage (characterized by furrow ploughing) targeted the setup and promotion of some technologies adapted to concrete conditions from different agricultural areas, regarding especially the type of soil, the climate conditions, the land orography and the technical equipment available. The objectives were surveyed from an agronomical, ecological and economical point of view. The failure in putting into practice many of the alternative variants of soil tillage were related to crop weeds, cultural defects and lower productions. The paper presents the results of the research made under the conditions of a Phaeozem situated in the Transylvanian Plain, regarding the influence of soil tillage system conventional system and minimum tillage - with chisel) and the fertilization & herbicide system upon the degree of weeds, production and economical of corn crop, during 2011-2014. The soil tillage system and climate conditions of the agricultural year influenced the weeds in the corn crop. In the case of minimum tillage bigger weeds have been registered, of 33.67 weeds/m2 compared to the conventional tillage, with 29.17 weeds/m2. In a drought year, respectively 2012, weeds grew the most (35.50 weeds/m2), they reduce during a normal climate year 2013, to 27.50 weeds/m2, and in 2014 which was considered a rainy year, favorable to corn crop, weeds were 31.25 weeds/m2. The soil tillage system hasn’t influenced significantly corn productions, they were almost equal in the two systems. Corn production is influenced significantly by the climate conditions of the agricultural year, ranging between 5392-6102 kg/ha. The economic efficiency of the minimum tillage system is higher and it results from the reduction of fuel consumption to 84.4 l/ha compared to conventional system, which needs 101.5 liters/ha for all the soil tillage. Subtracting total expenses (material and fuel) from the value of the production made within each technological system it results a profit of 112.9 lei/ha, which overall minimum tillage technology means a reduction by 6.6%.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Minimum tillage had more weeds than conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- corn crop
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- minimum tillagee0
- Outcome
- weedse0
- Direction
- biggere0
- Value
- 33.67 weeds/m2e0
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the case of minimum tillage bigger weeds have been registered, of 33.67 weeds/m2 compared to the conventional tillage, with 29.17 weeds/m2”
t0“CORN CROP”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed density was greatest in drought year 2012.
- Taxon
- CORNZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- weedse0
- Direction
- grew the moste0
- Value
- 35.50 weeds/m2e0
- Setting
- 2012e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In a drought year, respectively 2012, weeds grew the most (35.50 weeds/m2)”
t0“CORN CROP”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed density fell to 27.50 weeds/m² in normal climate year 2013.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they reduce during a normal climate year 2013, to 27.50 weeds/m2”
t0“CORN CROP”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed density was 31.25 weeds/m² in rainy year 2014.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- weedse0
- Value
- 31.25 weeds/m2e0
- Setting
- 2014e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in 2014 which was considered a rainy year, favorable to corn crop, weeds were 31.25 weeds/m2”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn production did not differ significantly between tillage systems.
- Taxon
- CORNZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- soil tillage systeme0
- Outcome
- corn productionse0
- Direction
- almost equale0
- Comparator
- the two systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The soil tillage system hasn’t influenced significantly corn productions, they were almost equal in the two systems”
t0“CORN CROP”
Claim · model-written summary
Climate conditions significantly influenced corn production, which ranged from 5392 to 6102 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- Corn productione0
- Value
- 5392-6102 kg/hae0
- Setting
- climate conditions of the agricultural yeare0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn production is influenced significantly by the climate conditions of the agricultural year, ranging between 5392-6102 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimum tillage was more economically efficient than conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- CORNZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- minimum tillage systeme0
- Outcome
- economic efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The economic efficiency of the minimum tillage system is higher”
t0“CORN CROP”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimum tillage reduced fuel consumption to 84.4 l/ha versus 101.5 liters/ha under conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- CORNZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- minimum tillagee1
- Outcome
- fuel consumptione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 84.4 l/hae0
- Qualifier
- 101.5 liters/hae0
- Comparator
- conventional systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduction of fuel consumption to 84.4 l/ha compared to conventional system, which needs 101.5 liters/ha”
e1“minimum tillage system”
t0“CORN CROP”
Claim · model-written summary
The minimum tillage system yielded a reported profit of 112.9 lei/ha and a 6.6% reduction.
- Taxon
- CORNZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- profite0
- Value
- 112.9 lei/hae0
- Qualifier
- a reduction by 6.6%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a profit of 112.9 lei/ha, which overall minimum tillage technology means a reduction by 6.6%”
t0“CORN CROP”
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