Paper · 2005 · Research in Plant Disease

Effective Usage of Copper Fungicides for Environment-friendly Control of Citrus Diseases

Jae-Wook Hyun; Sang-Wook Ko; Dong-Hwan Kim; et al.

5
claims
10
verbatim quotes
13
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-nc

Abstract

This studies were carried out to elucidate the control effect of copper fungicides against some citrus diseases, assess copper spray injury on leaf and fruit of citrus by spraying of copper fungicides according to growth stages and spray seasons and by tank mixing with paraffin oil in field experiments for 3 years (2003-2005 season). As results, the control value was approximately against scab disease in all tested copper fungicides, to canker and to melanose. In case of leaf, the copper injury was the severest in early stage of shooting, and the injury was gradually weakened according to growth of leaf. In fruit, the copper injury was more severe in midsummer (late of July and August) than early of summer and spring season (June and ealy of July). Among copper fungicides, the bordeaux mixture which made by level of farm induced more injury compared to other copper fungicides commercialized. Less copper spray injury was observed on treatments in which copper fungicide was sprayed as tank mixtures with paraffin oil when compared to treatment which sprayed with only copper fungicide.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tested copper fungicides controlled citrus scab, canker and melanose.

Taxon
CitrusCitrust0
Treatment
copper fungicidese0
Outcome
scab diseasee0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus
Citrus · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ellen Levy Finch ( Elf ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the control value was approximately against scab disease in all tested copper fungicides, to canker and to melanose.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 348–464 · show in text ↑
t0

“Citrus Diseases”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–88 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leaf copper injury was severest early in shooting and weakened with leaf growth.

Taxon
citrusCitrust0
Organ / stage
leafe0
Outcome
copper injurye0
Direction
gradually weakenede0
Comparator
early stage of shootinge0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus
Citrus · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ellen Levy Finch ( Elf ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the copper injury was the severest in early stage of shooting, and the injury was gradually weakened according to growth of leaf.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 482–611 · show in text ↑
t0

“Citrus Diseases”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–88 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fruit copper injury was more severe in midsummer than earlier summer and spring.

Taxon
citrusCitrust0
Organ / stage
fruite0
Outcome
copper injurye0
Direction
more severee0
Comparator
early of summer and spring seasone0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus
Citrus · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ellen Levy Finch ( Elf ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In fruit, the copper injury was more severe in midsummer (late of July and August) than early of summer and spring season (June and ealy of July).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 612–758 · show in text ↑
t0

“Citrus Diseases”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–88 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Farm-made bordeaux mixture caused more injury than commercial copper fungicides.

Taxon
citrusCitrust0
Treatment
bordeaux mixturee0
Outcome
injurye0
Direction
moree0
Comparator
other copper fungicides commercializede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus
Citrus · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ellen Levy Finch ( Elf ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the bordeaux mixture which made by level of farm induced more injury compared to other copper fungicides commercialized.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 784–904 · show in text ↑
t0

“Citrus Diseases”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–88 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Paraffin oil tank mixing reduced copper spray injury.

Taxon
citrusCitrust0
Treatment
copper fungicide was sprayed as tank mixtures with paraffin oile0
Outcome
copper spray injurye0
Direction
Lesse0
Comparator
only copper fungicidee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Citrus
Citrus · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ellen Levy Finch ( Elf ) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Less copper spray injury was observed on treatments in which copper fungicide was sprayed as tank mixtures with paraffin oil when compared to treatment which sprayed with only copper fungicide.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 905–1098 · show in text ↑
t0

“Citrus Diseases”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–88 · show in text ↑

copper atom · crop injury · CitrusPositive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

copper atom · disease · CitrusPositive and negative results

10 papers: 7 positive, 3 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

fungicide · crop injury · CitrusPositive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

application · crop injury · CitrusPositive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
See all 2 papers →

fungicide · disease · CitrusPositive and negative results

16 papers: 15 positive, 1 negative or no effect

14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.