Abstract
In order to study the biological control of soil-borne disease of sesame, antagonistic isolates of Trichoderma , Bacillus sand streptomyces to Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani were isolated from the rhizosphere soils of sesame plants and some other habitats. Out of the isolates of microorganisms collected a strain of Trichoderma viride was selected as a biological control agent for the study and its effect on the control of damping-off and the seedling growth of sesame was investigated. The results obtained are as follows: 26 percents of Bacillus spp. isolated from the rhizosphere soil of sesame plants showed antagonism to two pathogenic fungi. Important species were B. Subtilis and B. polymyxa. Streptomyces species isolated from the rhizosphere soils of sesame lysed the cell wall of hyphae and conidia of F. oxysporum and reduced conspicuously the formation of macroconidia and chlamydospores of the fungus. 84 percents of Trichoderma spp. isolated from the rhizosphere soil of sesame plants were antagonistic to F. oxysporum and 60 percents of the isolates were antagonistic to both F. oxysporum and R. solani. Trichoderma viride TV-192 selected from antagonistic isolates of Trichoderma spp. was highly antagonistic to F. oxysporum and soil treatment with the isolate reduced notably damping-off of sesame. T. viride TV-192 showed better growth in crushed rice straw, barley straw and sawdust media than F. oxysporum. Sawdust was selective for the growth of T. viride. Supplementation of wheat bran and mixtures of wheat bran and sawdust inoculated with T. viride TV-192 in the soil reduced remarkably damping-off of sesame by F. oxysporum but high density of the fungus TV-192 caused the inhibition of seed germination and seedling growth of sesame. Inhibitory effects of Trichoderma species on seed germination and seedling growth of sesame were different according to the isolates of the fungus. Normal sesame seedlings on the bed treated with the fungus showed better growth than not treated seedlings.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
26% of Bacillus isolates from sesame rhizosphere soil were antagonistic to two pathogenic fungi.
- Taxon
- Sesame
Sesamum indicumt0 - Interactor
- Bacillus spp.e1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- antagonism to two pathogenic fungie1
- Value
- 26 percentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sesame Soil-born Disease”
e1“26 percents of Bacillus spp. isolated from the rhizosphere soil of sesame plants showed antagonism to two pathogenic fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
Streptomyces isolates lysed the cell wall of hyphae and conidia of F. oxysporum.
- Taxon
- SesameSesamum indicumt0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume2pathogen - Second interactor
- Streptomyces species
Streptomycese2biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- cell wall of hyphae and conidiae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Sesame Soil-born Disease”
e2“Streptomyces species isolated from the rhizosphere soils of sesame lysed the cell wall of hyphae and conidia of F. oxysporum”
Claim · model-written summary
Streptomyces isolates reduced the formation of macroconidia and chlamydospores of F. oxysporum.
- Taxon
- SesameSesamum indicumt0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume2pathogen
- Second interactor
- Streptomyces speciesStreptomycese2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- formation of macroconidia and chlamydosporese3
- Direction
- reducede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sesame Soil-born Disease”
e2“Streptomyces species isolated from the rhizosphere soils of sesame lysed the cell wall of hyphae and conidia of F. oxysporum”
e3“reduced conspicuously the formation of macroconidia and chlamydospores of the fungus”
Claim · model-written summary
84% of Trichoderma isolates from sesame rhizosphere soil were antagonistic to F. oxysporum.
- Taxon
- SesameSesamum indicumt0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume4pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma spp.
Trichodermae4biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- antagonistic to F. oxysporume4
- Value
- 84 percentse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sesame Soil-born Disease”
e4“84 percents of Trichoderma spp. isolated from the rhizosphere soil of sesame plants were antagonistic to F. oxysporum”
Claim · model-written summary
60% of the Trichoderma isolates were antagonistic to both F. oxysporum and R. solani.
- Taxon
- SesameSesamum indicumt0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume5pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma spp.Trichodermae4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- antagonistic to both F. oxysporum and R. solanie5
- Value
- 60 percentse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sesame Soil-born Disease”
e4“84 percents of Trichoderma spp. isolated from the rhizosphere soil of sesame plants were antagonistic to F. oxysporum”
e5“60 percents of the isolates were antagonistic to both F. oxysporum and R. solani”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma viride TV-192 was highly antagonistic to F. oxysporum.
- Taxon
- SesameSesamum indicumt0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume6pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma viride TV-192
Trichoderma viridee6biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- antagonistic to F. oxysporume6
- Direction
- highlye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sesame Soil-born Disease”
e6“Trichoderma viride TV-192 selected from antagonistic isolates of Trichoderma spp. was highly antagonistic to F. oxysporum”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil treatment with the T. viride TV-192 isolate reduced damping-off of sesame.
- Taxon
- SesameSesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- soil treatment with the isolatee7
- Interactor
- Trichoderma viride TV-192Trichoderma viridee6biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- damping-off of sesamee7
- Direction
- reducede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sesame Soil-born Disease”
e6“Trichoderma viride TV-192 selected from antagonistic isolates of Trichoderma spp. was highly antagonistic to F. oxysporum”
e7“soil treatment with the isolate reduced notably damping-off of sesame”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat bran and wheat bran-sawdust mixtures inoculated with T. viride TV-192 reduced damping-off of sesame caused by F. oxysporum.
- Taxon
- SesameSesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- Supplementation of wheat bran and mixtures of wheat bran and sawdust inoculated with T. viride TV-192e1
- Interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. viride TV-192Trichoderma viridee1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- damping-off of sesamee1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sesame Soil-born Disease”
e1“Supplementation of wheat bran and mixtures of wheat bran and sawdust inoculated with T. viride TV-192 in the soil reduced remarkably damping-off of sesame by F. oxysporum”
Claim · model-written summary
High density of the TV-192 fungus inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of sesame.
- Taxon
- SesameSesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- high density of the fungus TV-192e1
- Interactor
- TV-192e1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- seed germination and seedling growthe1
- Direction
- inhibitione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sesame Soil-born Disease”
e1“high density of the fungus TV-192 caused the inhibition of seed germination and seedling growth of sesame”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibitory effects of Trichoderma species on sesame seed germination and seedling growth differed between isolates.
- Taxon
- SesameSesamum indicumt0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma speciesTrichodermae1other
- Outcome
- seed germination and seedling growthe1
- Qualifier
- different according to the isolatese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sesame Soil-born Disease”
e1“Inhibitory effects of Trichoderma species on seed germination and seedling growth of sesame were different according to the isolates of the fungus”
Claim · model-written summary
Sesame seedlings on a bed treated with the fungus grew better than untreated seedlings.
- Taxon
- sesameSesamum indicume0
- Treatment
- bed treated with the funguse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- not treated seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Normal sesame seedlings on the bed treated with the fungus showed better growth than not treated seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
T. viride TV-192 grew better than F. oxysporum in crushed rice straw, barley straw and sawdust media.
- Taxon
- SesameSesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- crushed rice straw, barley straw and sawdust mediae1
- Interactor
- T. viride TV-192Trichoderma viridee1biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume1pathogen
- Outcome
- growthe1
- Direction
- bettere1
- Comparator
- F. oxysporume1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sesame Soil-born Disease”
e1“T. viride TV-192 showed better growth in crushed rice straw, barley straw and sawdust media than F. oxysporum”
Claim · model-written summary
Sawdust was selective for the growth of T. viride.
- Taxon
- SesameSesamum indicumt0
- Treatment
- Sawduste1
- Interactor
- T. virideTrichoderma viridee1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- growth of T. viridee1
- Direction
- selectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sesame Soil-born Disease”
e1“Sawdust was selective for the growth of T. viride”
The same questions in other papers
Trichoderma viride · Fusarium oxysporum · Sesamum indicum (sesame)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
inoculation · Fusarium oxysporum · Sesamum indicum (sesame)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.