“magnitude of decrease”

Claim · model-written summary

Slower lignin decomposition under tundra conditions may explain the peat polyarene pattern.

Outcome

total mass fraction of polyarenese0

Qualifier

slowed down decomposition of lignine0

Setting

tundrae0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“a decrease in the total mass fraction of polyarenes in these peatlands by an order of magnitude in comparison with the forest-tundra peatlands. Presumably, this is related to a slowed down decomposition of lignin under tundra conditions.”

Claim · model-written summary

The mid-Holocene elm decline was caused by a combination of disease and human activity.

Taxon

UlmusUlmuse2

Outcome

elm declinee4

Qualifier

a combination of disease and human activitye4

Verbatim

e2

“The form, magnitude, and rate of decrease of the Ulmus decline at Diss Mere are all consistent with the hypothesis of a pathogenic attack”

e4

“All the available evidence from Diss supports the hypothesis that the mid-Holocene 'elm decline' was caused by a combination of disease and human activity”

Claim · model-written summary

The landscape-scale decline is mostly due to spatial homogenization of native communities.

Taxon

alien plant speciese0

Outcome

declines in native γ ‐richnesse3

Qualifier

spatial homogenization of native communitiese4

Verbatim

e0

“In an analysis of 47 widespread alien plant species occurring across a 1,000 km 2 landscape, we examined the relationship between their local abundance and native plant species richness in 594 grassland plots”

e3

“declines in native γ ‐richness were, on average, an order of magnitude (32.0 vs. 2.2 species) greater”

e4

“mostly due to spatial homogenization of native communities”