Search claims · PlantClaims

Observationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Knob percentage, number, size, position and frequency varied within and among populations.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Outcome: variation in the percentage, number, size, chromosome position and frequencies of the heterochromatic blockse0

Verbatim

t0
“maize landraces”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–68

e0
“significant intra and inter-populational variation in the percentage, number, size, chromosome position and frequencies of the heterochromatic blocks, which are called knobs”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 433–606

Title

Exploring karyotype diversity of Argentinian Guaraní maize landraces: Relationship among South American maize

María Florencia Realini; Lidia Poggio; Julián Cámara Hernández; et al. PLoS ONE 2018. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0198398

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation Knob sequence composition did not differ significantly among Guaraní populations.
Observation B chromosomes were not detected.
Observation AB10 chromosomes occurred at low frequency in six populations.
Observation Karyotypes characterized each population and defined NEA germplasm chromosomal constitution.
Observation Karyotype parameters distinguished Popcorn and Floury maize population groups.
Observation NEA and NWA maize showed important karyotype differences.
Observation Results supported two pathways of South American maize introduction.
Observation Results confirmed NEA and NWA as two diversification centers of Argentinian native maize.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Recombination varied 4.5-fold for the same interval across three populations or knob-containing regions.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Outcome: same marker intervale0
Direction: differencee0
Value: 4.5‐folde0
Qualifier: three populationse0

Verbatim

t0
“maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–42

e0
“population‐specific with 4.5‐fold difference for the same marker interval across the three populations or specific chromosome regions because of the presence of knobs”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1009–1175

Title

Recombination frequency variation in maize as revealed by genomewide single‐nucleotide polymorphisms

Mohammad Farkhari; Yanli Lu; Trushar Shah; et al. Plant Breeding 2011. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0523.2011.01866.x

Other claims from this paper (5)

Method / resource The integrated maize map had 1443 markers, including 1155 SNPs, across 1346 cM.
Observation Recombination frequency varied 100-fold across chromosome regions.
Observation Nine non-centromeric regions showed suppressed recombination.
Observation One suppressed region likely contained condensed heterochromatin knobs.
Observation Recombination variation was highly predictable in pericentromeric and telomeric regions.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nematodes recovered from garlic bulbs had morphology matching D. dipsaci.

Taxon: D. dipsaciDitylenchus dipsacie0
Outcome: morphological characteristics of D. dipsacie0

Verbatim

e0
“Recovered nematodes had morphological characteristics of D. dipsaci, including a short stylet with prominent knobs, a distinct median esophageal bulb, a basal bulb slightly overlapping the intestine, a conical and pointed tail, and males with distinct bursa (1).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 597–859

Title

First Report of Bloat Nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci) Infecting Garlic in Ohio

A. L. Testen; E. K. Walsh; C. G. Taylor; et al. Plant Disease 2014. doi:10.1094/pdis-11-13-1121-pdn

Other claims from this paper (4)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Interstitial and distal regions were euchromatic, apart from small JcSat1-associated heterochromatin.

Taxon: jatrophaJatrophat0
Outcome: interstitial and distal regions were euchromatice0
Qualifier: small heterochromatin regions associated with the subtelomeric repeat sequence JcSat1e0

Verbatim

t0
“jatropha”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 4–12

e0
“The interstitial and distal regions were euchromatic without heterochromatic knobs, except for small heterochromatin regions associated with the subtelomeric repeat sequence JcSat1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 671–851

Title

Two jatropha karyotypes constructed from meiotic pachytene chromosomes: Pericentric distribution of heterochromatin and variation in repetitive DNAs

Narathid Muakrong; Shinji Kikuchi; Shuto Fukuhara; et al. PLoS ONE 2018. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0208549

Other claims from this paper (9)

Method / resource Pachytene chromosome karyotypes were constructed for J. curcas.
Method / resource A pachytene chromosome karyotype was constructed for J. integerrima.
Observation Five of eleven J. curcas chromosomes were metacentric.
Observation Only two J. integerrima chromosomes were metacentric.
Observation Heterochromatin was concentrated around pericentric regions.
Observation Both Jatropha species had two 35S rDNA loci and one 5S rDNA locus.
Observation One 35S rDNA locus was on the short-arm interstitial region of J. integerrima.
Observation JcSat1 occurred at heterochromatic chromosome ends in J. curcas.
Observation JcSat1 was absent from J. integerrima chromosomes.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Knob heterochromatin percentage varied among and within maize populations.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Outcome: percentage of knob heterochromatine3
Qualifier: among and within the populationse3

Verbatim

e0
“investigate the intra-specific variation in the DNA content in maize populations from Northeastern Argentina”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 292–400

e3
“The variation in the percentage of knob heterochromatin as well as in the number, chromosome position and sequence composition of the knobs was detected among and within the populations”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 996–1181

Title

Intra-specific variation in genome size in maize: cytological and phenotypic correlates

María Florencia Realini; Lidia Poggio; Julián Cámara-Hernández; et al. AoB Plants 2015. doi:10.1093/aobpla/plv138

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A genome-wide association study identified three regions associated with genome size, two novel and one near K8L1 and K8L2.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Gene: K8L1 and K8L2e0
Outcome: three genomic regions associated with genome sizee0
Value: three genomic regionse0

Verbatim

e0
“three genomic regions associated with genome size, of which two were novel while the third one is located close to the known knobs K8L1 and K8L2”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 911–1055

t0
“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–19

Title

Maize (Zea mays L.) genome size indicated by 180-bp knob abundance is associated with flowering time

Yinqiao Jian; Cheng Xu; Zifeng Guo; et al. Scientific Reports 2017. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06153-8

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rice stem vascular bundles increased in size.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae0
Treatment: aqueous extracts of root of barnyardgrass at 100% concentratione1
Interactor: barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie1weed
Outcome: size of vascular bundlese0
Direction: increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“rice stem showed that the number and size of silica knobs on its surface and also size of vascular bundles have increased”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 850–971

e1
“aqueous extracts of root of barnyardgrass at 100% concentration”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 566–629

Title

Investigation of allelopathic effects of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa cruss- galli L.) weed on some anatomical triats of rice (Oryza sativa L.) Tarommahalli variety of Iran at flowering and grain ripening stages

Sakineh Smaeily Kanari; Monir Hosseinzadeh Namin; خدیجه کیارستمی; et al. 2016

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Barnyardgrass root extract at 100% increased number and size of silica grains in rice stem and leaf epidermis.
Intervention effect The same extract increased size of stomata files.
Intervention effect Rice stem silica knobs increased in number and size.
Intervention effect Barnyardgrass root extract increased rice stem elongation.
Intervention effect Barnyardgrass root extract increased rice production yield.
Intervention effect The treatment caused resistance to stem borer.
Intervention effect The treatment increased rice stem strength against lodging.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultsimulated

Claim · model-written summary

Predicted salt bridges and hydrogen bonds form an interaction domain differing from the classical zipper model.

Taxon: Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
Outcome: interaction domaine0
Qualifier: Interhelical salt bridges and charge-stabilized hydrogen bondse0

Verbatim

e0
“Interhelical salt bridges and charge-stabilized hydrogen bonds between acidic and basic residues of the two monomers are predicted to form an interaction domain, which does not follow the classical knobs-into-holes zipper model.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1036–1264

e1
“from Arabidopsis thaliana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 432–457

Title

Alanine Zipper-Like Coiled-Coil Domains Are Necessary for Homotypic Dimerization of Plant GAGA-Factors in the Nucleus and Nucleolus

Dierk Wanke; Mareike L. Hohenstatt; Marek Dynowski; et al. PLoS ONE 2011. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016070

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The new species has relatively small greyish brown conidia measuring 16–20 × 3–5 μm.

Taxon: Licuala grandisLicuala grandist0
Outcome: conidiae2
Value: 16–20 × 3–5 μme2

Verbatim

t0
“A new species of Pestalotiopsis from leaf spots of Licuala grandis from Hainan, China”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–85

e2
“It is morphologically distinct in having relatively small, greyish brown conidia (16–20 × 3–5 μm), and 1–3 short apical appendages without knobs”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 115–259

Title

A new species of Pestalotiopsis from leaf spots of Licuala grandis from Hainan, China

KUN GENG; BIN ZHANG; YU SONG; et al. Phytotaxa 2013. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.88.3.2

Other claims from this paper (3)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Second stage juveniles had tail length 52.7 ± 2.9 μm

Taxon: potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
Organ / stage: Second stage juvenilese1
Outcome: tail lengthe1
Value: 52·7 ± 2·9 (48–57) μme1

Verbatim

t0
“First report of a potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis , on potato, in Iran”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–84

e1
“Second stage juveniles (n = 16) had stylet length 21·12 ± 0·95 (20–23) μm with rounded knobs, tail length 52·7 ± 2·9 (48–57) μm, and hyaline part of tail 28·12 ± 3·53 (20–33) μm”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1022–1199

Title

First report of a potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis , on potato, in Iran

M. Gitty; Z. Tanha Maafi Plant Pathology 2010. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2009.02135.x

Other claims from this paper (13)

Observation Potato fields in Hamadan Province showed patches of poor growth over about 20-200 m2
Observation Infested potato plants showed severe stunting and nutrient deficiency symptoms
Observation Roots of infested potato plants bore brown cysts on their surface
Observation The cysts showed the general characteristics of the genus Globodera
Observation Distance from anus to the vulval basin of the cysts was 49.56 ± 9.68 μm
Observation Vulval basin diameter of the cysts was 15.24 ± 1.92 μm
Observation Granek’s ratio of the cysts was 3.27 ± 0.61
Observation Cysts had 19 ± 2.5 cuticular ridges between anus and vulval basin
Observation Second stage juveniles had stylet length 21.12 ± 0.95 μm with rounded knobs
Observation Hyaline part of the tail of second stage juveniles was 28.12 ± 3.53 μm
Observation The cysts were identified as Globodera rostochiensis
Observation A PCR with species-specific primers gave a single 315 bp fragment and no amplification with G. pallida primers
Observation Globodera rostochiensis is reported for the first time on potato in Iran

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