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“dry weight decrease”

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2000 ’10 ’20

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Taxon: sunflower ✕

Taxon groups are the verbatim names found in the abstracts (case-insensitive), not normalised: maize, corn and Zea mays are separate groups here. The Organism view merges them through NCBI Taxonomy.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Crop residues derived from roots of sunflower and soybean reduced total dry weight per sunflower plant more than residues from top growth.

Taxon: sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
Treatment: crop residues derived from roots of both sunflower and soybean plantse0
Compound: allelopathic substancese0
Outcome: total dry weight plant(-1)e0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0
Comparator: those derived from top growth of both crops alone (sunflower and soybean)e0

Verbatim

e0
“The results showed that crop residues derived from roots of both sunflower and soybean plants had their significant inhibition effects of allelopathic substances on plant height, root dry weight, top growth dry weight and total dry weight plant(-1) of the sunflower plants than those derived from top growth of both crops alone (sunflower and soybean)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 667–1018

Title

Effects of Crop Residues of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Maize (Zea mays L.) and Soybean (Glycine max) on Growth and Seed Yields of Sunflower

K. Srisa-ard Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 2007. doi:10.3923/pjbs.2007.1282.1287

Other claims from this paper (2)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Lime significantly decreased active Fe content in SL21.

Taxon: sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
Material: SL21e2
Treatment: limee0
Outcome: Active Fe contente2
Direction: significant decreasee2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“This study aimed to investigate the impact of lime (CaCO3) application on shoot dry weight, chlorophyll concentration, active and total iron contents, and iron uptake in seven sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) lines”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–214

e2
“Active Fe content showed a significant decrease only in SL21, while a significant increase was observed in SL37 under lime treatment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 880–1012

Title

Effect of Lime on Shoot Dry Matter, Chlorophyll, Active and Total Iron Contents, and Iron Uptake in Sunflower Lines Grown Under Iron-Deficient Conditions

Güney Akınoğlu Black Sea Journal of Agriculture 2026. doi:10.47115/bsagriculture.1753485

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Lime reduced total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a contents in most sunflower lines.
Intervention effect Lime significantly increased active Fe content in SL37.
Intervention effect Lime decreased total Fe content in SL21, SL25, SL28 and SL34.
Intervention effect Lime did not significantly change total Fe content in SL12, SL18 and SL37.
Intervention effect Lime showed an increasing trend in root ferric chelate reductase activity, not statistically significant.
Observation SL37 and SL25 had the highest shoot biomass regardless of lime application.
Observation SL18 had superior Fe uptake under control conditions.
Recommendation SL37 and SL25 are recommended as promising sunflower genotypes for cultivation in calcareous soils with limited Fe availability.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Lime significantly increased active Fe content in SL37.

Taxon: sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
Material: SL37e2
Treatment: limee0
Outcome: Active Fe contente2
Direction: significant increasee2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“This study aimed to investigate the impact of lime (CaCO3) application on shoot dry weight, chlorophyll concentration, active and total iron contents, and iron uptake in seven sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) lines”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–214

e2
“Active Fe content showed a significant decrease only in SL21, while a significant increase was observed in SL37 under lime treatment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 880–1012

Title

Effect of Lime on Shoot Dry Matter, Chlorophyll, Active and Total Iron Contents, and Iron Uptake in Sunflower Lines Grown Under Iron-Deficient Conditions

Güney Akınoğlu Black Sea Journal of Agriculture 2026. doi:10.47115/bsagriculture.1753485

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Lime reduced total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a contents in most sunflower lines.
Intervention effect Lime significantly decreased active Fe content in SL21.
Intervention effect Lime decreased total Fe content in SL21, SL25, SL28 and SL34.
Intervention effect Lime did not significantly change total Fe content in SL12, SL18 and SL37.
Intervention effect Lime showed an increasing trend in root ferric chelate reductase activity, not statistically significant.
Observation SL37 and SL25 had the highest shoot biomass regardless of lime application.
Observation SL18 had superior Fe uptake under control conditions.
Recommendation SL37 and SL25 are recommended as promising sunflower genotypes for cultivation in calcareous soils with limited Fe availability.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Narrower spacing reduced leaf area, head diameter, seeds per head and thousand-seed weight.

Taxon: sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7
Treatment: distance between hillse0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7
Outcome: leaf area , head diameter , number of seeds per heade0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7
Direction: decreaseinferrede0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“while a reverse results was obtained for leaf area , head diameter , number of seeds per head and weight of 1000 seeds for both years of study”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1434–1576

t0
“sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L .)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 39–82

t1
“sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L .)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 39–82

e2
“Flamme genotype was significantly superior (P < 0.05 ) in most characters of growth , yields and harvest index in both years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 498–622

e3
“Oil percentage and oil yields in the first year , and the value of the above characters reached the highest at 20 cm distance between hills”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1027–1166

e4
“For the second character the average was 43.02 and 62.56 % as compared with 30 and 40 cm distance among hills respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1310–1432

e5
“Decreasing distance between hills caused significant increase in the plant height, leaf area index ,dry matter yield , seed yield and harvest index in both years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 864–1025

e6
“the number of plants per hill was (1, 2plants )”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 390–437

e7
“when planting two plants in a hill; the yields of seed increased about 70% as an average for both years and oil yields to about 54% as compared with planting one plant per hill”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1579–1755

Title

Response of growth and yields of three sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L .) to arrangement system of plants in farm

B. H. Abduallah Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2008. doi:10.32649/ajas.2008.32102

Other claims from this paper (13)

Observation Flamme had superior growth, yield and harvest index relative to the other genotypes.
Observation Flamme seed yield averaged 10.19 ton /ha, compared with Akmar at 6.12 and Euro flower at 6.46 ton / ha.
Observation Flamme oil yield was 3.82 ton /ha, above Akmar at 2.31 and Euroflower at 2.41 ton /ha.
Intervention effect Narrower hill spacing increased sunflower plant height, leaf area index and dry matter yield.
Intervention effect Narrower hill spacing increased seed yield and harvest index.
Intervention effect Narrower hill spacing increased oil percentage and oil yield in the first year.
Intervention effect At 20 cm spacing, seed yield exceeded yields at 30 and 40 cm by 38.33% and 54.09%, respectively.
Intervention effect At 20 cm spacing, oil yield exceeded yields at 30 and 40 cm by 43.02% and 62.56%, respectively.
Intervention effect Two plants per hill increased seed yield by about 70% compared with one plant per hill.
Intervention effect Two plants per hill increased oil yield by about 54% compared with one plant per hill.
Intervention effect Plant number per hill had no reported effect on harvest index.
Intervention effect One plant per hill significantly increased sunflower oil percentage.
Intervention effect Flamme produced higher seed and oil yields at 20 cm spacing and two plants per hill.

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