Claim · model-written summary
Combined stress increased glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) by 9.42%.
- Taxon
- Secale cereale
Secale cerealet0 - Treatment
- Combined stresse1
- Outcome
- GADe1
- Direction
- increasese1
- Value
- 9.42%e1
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Interactive effects of cadmium stress and freeze–thaw cycles on Secale cereale L.: Protective role of exogenous betaine”
e1“Combined stress resulted in significant increases of 9.42%, 10.7%, and 4.6% in GAD, H2O2, and NPT, respectively”
Title
Shoujat Ali; Guozhang Bao; Khalid Bashir; et al. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2026. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120003
Other claims from this paper (12)
- Intervention effect Cd and FTC significantly elevated ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity in rye seedlings.
- Intervention effect Cd and FTC significantly elevated reduced glutathione (GSH) activity in rye seedlings.
- Intervention effect Combined stress increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by 10.7%.
- Intervention effect Combined stress increased nonprotein thiol (NPT) by 4.6%.
- Intervention effect Combined stress increased phytochelatins (PCs) by 2.5%.
- Intervention effect Combined stress increased malondialdehyde (MDA) by 16.1%.
- Intervention effect FTC and Cd decreased water use efficiency (WUE) by 19.4%.
- Intervention effect FTC and Cd decreased transpiration rate (Tr) by 58.2%.
- Intervention effect FTC and Cd decreased photosynthetic rate (Pn) by 56.3%.
- Intervention effect FTC and Cd increased intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) by 61.7%.
- Intervention effect Exogenous betaine application elevated antioxidant enzyme activities in rye seedlings.
- Intervention effect Exogenous betaine application reduced MDA, H2O2 and relative conductivity in rye seedlings.