Claim · model-written summary
Total cover peaked at 84% in July 1989 following nitrogen application.
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleTreatmentComparatorSetting
Verbatim
e0“Total cover (84%) and total biomass (239 g/0.5 m 2 ) were highest in July 1989, following the last application of nitrogen fertilizer in April 1989”
t0“Ground Cover”
Title
D. A. Kost; J. P. Vimmerstedt Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1994. doi:10.21000/jasmr94030295
Other claims from this paper (19)
- Intervention effect Herbaceous cover and biomass were greater on topsoil than overburden in 1989 and 1993.
- Intervention effect Herbaceous cover and biomass were greater on overburden than topsoil in 1992.
- Intervention effect Legumes were generally more abundant on cast overburden than topsoil surfaces until 1993.
- Observation Total biomass peaked at 239 g/0.5 m 2 in July 1989.
- Intervention effect Ground cover and biomass were lower at the lowest nitrogen rate in 1989 only.
- Intervention effect Seed mix type did not affect ground cover growth.
- Intervention effect Seed mix type did not affect tree growth.
- Observation Overall tree survival fell from 82.0% in year one to 40.6% after five years.
- Observation pine survival was 3.5% after five years.
- Observation oak survival was 22.2% after five years.
- Observation maple survival was 38.5% after five years.
- Observation ash survival was 98.1 % after five years.
- Intervention effect White ash was taller on ripped topsoil than cast overburden.
- Intervention effect Silver maple survival was higher on topsoil than overburden.
- Intervention effect Red oak survived better on topsoil surfaces than overburden.
- Intervention effect Maple survival was higher at intermediate than low nitrogen rate.
- Intervention effect Oak survival was higher at intermediate than low nitrogen rate.
- Intervention effect High nitrogen did not reduce tree survival.
- Mechanism Herbicide control of ground cover and high rainfall may explain the absence of nitrogen harm to tree survival.