Abstract
Xylogenesis was induced in undifferentiated soybean callus by the application of auxin, cytokinins, gibberellic acid and carbohydrates. Auxin (IBA) was a prerequisite for tracheary element formation and its effect could be enhanced significantly by the addition of specific levels of cytokinins, of which kinetin and benzyladenine were more effective than trans-zeatin. A further synergistic effect was achieved when gibberellic acid (10−5 mol dm3) was added to a highly inductive medium containing 0.5 × 10−4 mol dm3 IBA + 10−6 mol dm3 benzyladenine. Of the carbohydrates tested, sucrose at levels of 2 and 3% gave the best results. While autoclaving resulted in the pyrolysis of sucrose, this apparently did not affect xylogenesis adversely. Indications are that at the most inductive hormonal combinations, the sucrose and its hydrolytic products were utilized most rapidly and effectively for tracheary development. Xilogenese in ongedifferensieerde sojaboon-kallus is met sukses met die toevoeging van ouksien, sitokiniene, gibberellien-suur en koolhidrate geïnduseer. Ouksien was ’n voorvereiste vir tracheale element-vorming, maar die effek daarvan is betekenisvol bevorder deur die toevoeging van spesifieke konsentrasies sitokiniene, waarvan kinetien en bensieladenien meer effektief was as trans-zeatin. ’n Verdere sinergistiese effek is waargeneem waar gibberellien-suur (10− 5 mol dm3) gekombineer is met ’n hoogs induktiewe medium wat 0.5 × 10− 4 mol dm3 IBA + 10− 6 mol dm3 bensieladenien bevat het. Sukrose by vlakke van 2 en 3% het die beste resultaat van die getoetste koolhidrate gelewer. Terwyl outoklavering pirolise van sukrose tot gevolg gehad het, het hierdie effek skynbaar nie xilogenese benadeel nie. Daar is aanduidings dat by die mees induktiewe hormonale kombinasies, sukrose en die hidrolitiese produkte daarvan, die vinnigste en mees effektiefste vir tracheale ontwikkeling benut is.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Xylogenesis was induced in soybean callus by auxin, cytokinins, gibberellic acid and carbohydrates.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- application of auxin, cytokinins, gibberellic acid and carbohydratese1
- Outcome
- Xylogenesise1
- Direction
- inducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean callus”
e1“Xylogenesis was induced in undifferentiated soybean callus by the application of auxin, cytokinins, gibberellic acid and carbohydrates”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxin (IBA) was a prerequisite for tracheary element formation in soybean callus.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Auxin (IBA)e2
- Outcome
- tracheary element formatione2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean callus”
e2“Auxin (IBA) was a prerequisite for tracheary element formation”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding specific levels of cytokinins significantly enhanced the effect of auxin on tracheary element formation in soybean callus.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- addition of specific levels of cytokininse3
- Outcome
- tracheary element formatione2
- Direction
- enhancede3
- Comparator
- Auxin (IBA)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean callus”
e2“Auxin (IBA) was a prerequisite for tracheary element formation”
e3“its effect could be enhanced significantly by the addition of specific levels of cytokinins”
Claim · model-written summary
Kinetin and benzyladenine were more effective than trans-zeatin in promoting tracheary element formation in soybean callus.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- kinetin and benzyladeninee4
- Outcome
- tracheary element formatione2
- Direction
- more effectivee4
- Comparator
- trans-zeatine4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean callus”
e2“Auxin (IBA) was a prerequisite for tracheary element formation”
e4“of which kinetin and benzyladenine were more effective than trans-zeatin”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding gibberellic acid to a highly inductive medium gave a further synergistic effect on tracheary element formation in soybean callus.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- gibberellic acide5
- Outcome
- tracheary element formatione2
- Direction
- synergistic effecte5
- Comparator
- highly inductive mediume6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean callus”
e2“Auxin (IBA) was a prerequisite for tracheary element formation”
e5“A further synergistic effect was achieved when gibberellic acid”
e6“was added to a highly inductive medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose at 2 and 3% gave the best results among the carbohydrates tested for soybean callus xylogenesis.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- sucrose at levels of 2 and 3%e7
- Outcome
- the best resultse7
- Direction
- the best resultse7
- Comparator
- the carbohydrates testede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean callus”
e7“Of the carbohydrates tested, sucrose at levels of 2 and 3% gave the best results”
Claim · model-written summary
Autoclaving resulted in pyrolysis of sucrose in the soybean callus medium.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- autoclavinge0
- Outcome
- pyrolysis of sucrosee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean callus”
e0“While autoclaving resulted in the pyrolysis of sucrose, this apparently did not affect xylogenesis adversely”
Claim · model-written summary
Autoclaving apparently did not adversely affect xylogenesis in soybean callus.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- autoclavinge0
- Outcome
- xylogenesise0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean callus”
e0“While autoclaving resulted in the pyrolysis of sucrose, this apparently did not affect xylogenesis adversely”
Claim · model-written summary
At the most inductive hormonal combinations, sucrose and its hydrolytic products were indicated to be utilized most rapidly and effectively for tracheary development in soybean callus.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- sucrose and its hydrolytic productse1
- Outcome
- tracheary developmente1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean callus”
e1“Indications are that at the most inductive hormonal combinations, the sucrose and its hydrolytic products were utilized most rapidly and effectively for tracheary development”