Abstract
Seeds are the primary sinks for photosynthates during reproductive growth. Variation in light intercepted during and after seed initiation has been found a major environmental determinant of soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merrill] seed size. We investigated the influence of light enrichment and shading on seed growth rate, effective filling, cotyledon cell number, cell volume and endogenousABA concentrations of cotyledons/testas during seed filling of soybean. Evans, an indeterminate Group 0 soybean, was subjected to light reduction and enrichment treatments from the beginning of pod formation until final harvest for two years inMassachusetts. Higher rates of seed growth, greater seed dry weight, and higher cotyledon cell number were all observed with light enrichment. There was a reduction in seed growth rate and cotyledon cell number, along with a significant lowering of endogenousABA levels in testa and cotyledon with shade. The level ofABAin cotyledon during seed development was significantly correlated with seed growth rates only under shade treatments. Both the growth rates and seed filling duration were influenced by variation in light interception by the soybean canopy. The effects of varying light treatment on seed size, within one genotype, were most likely due to the differences in seed growth rate and cotyledon cell number.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Light enrichment increased seed growth rate, seed dry weight, and cotyledon cell number.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- light enrichmente0
- Outcome
- rates of seed growth, greater seed dry weight, and higher cotyledon cell numbere0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Comparator
- light reductione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher rates of seed growth, greater seed dry weight, and higher cotyledon cell number were all observed with light enrichment”
e1“light reduction and enrichment treatments”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade reduced seed growth rate and cotyledon cell number.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- shadee0
- Outcome
- seed growth rate and cotyledon cell numbere0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- enrichmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was a reduction in seed growth rate and cotyledon cell number, along with a significant lowering of endogenousABA levels in testa and cotyledon with shade”
e1“light reduction and enrichment treatments”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade significantly lowered endogenous ABA in testa and cotyledon.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- testa and cotyledone0
- Treatment
- shadee0
- Outcome
- endogenousABA levelse0
- Direction
- loweringe0
- Comparator
- enrichmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant lowering of endogenousABA levels in testa and cotyledon with shade”
e1“light reduction and enrichment treatments”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotyledon ABA level correlated significantly with seed growth rate only under shade.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- cotyledone0
- Treatment
- shade treatmentse0
- Outcome
- seed growth ratese0
- Qualifier
- level ofABAin cotyledone0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The level ofABAin cotyledon during seed development was significantly correlated with seed growth rates only under shade treatments”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Light interception influenced seed growth rate and seed filling duration.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- variation in light interceptione0
- Outcome
- growth rates and seed filling duratione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both the growth rates and seed filling duration were influenced by variation in light interception by the soybean canopy”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed light-related seed size differences to seed growth rate and cotyledon cell number.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- varying light treatmente0
- Outcome
- seed sizee0
- Qualifier
- differences in seed growth rate and cotyledon cell numbere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effects of varying light treatment on seed size, within one genotype, were most likely due to the differences in seed growth rate and cotyledon cell number”
t0“Soybean”
The same questions in other papers
light · cytology · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
shade · cytology · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.