Abstract
Since the advent of harvest aids, upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) producers in the Texas High Plains have benefitted from early crop termination and timely harvesting. Cotton produced on the Texas High Plains can typically be characterized as non-rank, irrigated, short-season stripper-harvested types. Leaving a crop in the field until a freeze can reduce lint yields and quality due to inclement weather skuations. These losses can often be reduced when harvest aids are utilized. The objectives of this research were to determine how early a crop could be terminated without adversely affecting lint production and quality. Replicated field experiments were conducted at 3 locations (1 in 1998 and 2 in 1999). Treatments consisted of (1) ethephon [(2-Chloroethyl) phosphonic acid] + tributes (S,S,S-Tributyl phosphorotrithioate), (2) thidiazuron/diuron [N-phenyl-N'-l ,2,3-thidiazol-5-ylurea/3-(3,4- ichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] alone and (3) ethephon + thidiazuron/diuron. These were all applied at 0-10, 30 and 60% open boll (OB) and terminated with paraquat (1,1' -dimethyl 4,4' -bipyridinium dichloride) at 7 to 14 days after 60% OB applications. In addition, two untreated controls (one terminated with paraquat and one left to freeze) were evaluated. Data from these studies indicate that yield can be adversely affected by early applications of harvest aids. Yield results from the 3 locations indicate chemical treatment regime had no significant effect on bur cotton, lint and seed yields. However, application timing had a significant effect on yields. Extremely early (0-10% OB) applications of harvest aids significantly reduced yields. The 30% OB application timings at Halfway and Petersburg, however, had no effect on yield then compared to the 60% OB application timings. This is due in part to the crop and environmental conditions at time of application. Certain HVI fiber properties may also be adversely affected by early harvest aid applications, including reductions in micronaire values. Micronaire values were reduced by the 0-10% OB applications at Olton and Petersburg. Chemical treatment regime, however, did not significantly impact micronaire at any location. Although lint quality may be influenced by application timing of harvest aids, those influences may not affect final lint value. The use of ethephon may reduce APIS measurements of fineness and fiber maturity values while in turn increasing immature fiber content (IPC) as was observed at Halfway in 1999. Application timing also had an impact on APIS measurements of fineness, IPC, and maturity ratio. The results from APIS measurements helped explain the reductions in micronaire values at Petersburg. In conclusion, producers on the High Plains of Texas would benefit from waking until 60% of harvestable bolls are open before applying harvest aids under normal conditions. Should the need arise to apply harvest aids at earlier timings, 30% OB applications may prevent significant yield and fiber quality losses if detrimental weather, such as an early freeze, is expected. This however may in itself cause yield losses if the condition of the crop is not conducive to harvest aid applications.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical treatment regime did not significantly affect bur cotton, lint, or seed yields.
- Taxon
- upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Gossypium hirsutume1 - Treatment
- chemical treatment regimee0
- Outcome
- bur cotton, lint and seed yieldse0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chemical treatment regime had no significant effect on bur cotton, lint and seed yields”
e1“upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Application timing significantly affected yields.
- Taxon
- upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Gossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- application timinge0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application timing had a significant effect on yields”
e1“upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Very early harvest aid application reduced yields significantly.
- Taxon
- upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Gossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- Extremely early (0-10% OB) applications of harvest aidse0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Extremely early (0-10% OB) applications of harvest aids significantly reduced yields”
e1“upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At Halfway and Petersburg, 30% open-boll application did not change yield relative to 60% application.
- Taxon
- upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Gossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- 30% OB application timingse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- had no effecte0
- Comparator
- 60% OB application timingse0
- Setting
- Halfway and Petersburge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 30% OB application timings at Halfway and Petersburg, however, had no effect on yield then compared to the 60% OB application timings”
e1“upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Early harvest aid application reduced micronaire at Olton and Petersburg.
- Taxon
- upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Gossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- 0-10% OB applicationse0
- Outcome
- Micronaire valuese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Setting
- Olton and Petersburge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Micronaire values were reduced by the 0-10% OB applications at Olton and Petersburg”
e1“upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical treatment regime did not significantly affect micronaire at any location.
- Taxon
- upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Gossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- Chemical treatment regimee0
- Outcome
- micronairee0
- Direction
- did not significantly impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chemical treatment regime, however, did not significantly impact micronaire at any location”
e1“upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon may reduce APIS fineness measurements.
- Taxon
- upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Gossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- ethephone0
- Outcome
- APIS measurements of finenesse0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of ethephon may reduce APIS measurements of fineness and fiber maturity values”
e1“upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon may reduce fiber maturity values.
- Taxon
- upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Gossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- ethephone0
- Outcome
- fiber maturity valuese0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of ethephon may reduce APIS measurements of fineness and fiber maturity values”
e1“upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon may increase immature fiber content at Halfway in 1999.
- Taxon
- upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Gossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- ethephone0
- Outcome
- immature fiber content (IPC)e0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Setting
- Halfway in 1999e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of ethephon may reduce APIS measurements of fineness and fiber maturity values while in turn increasing immature fiber content (IPC) as was observed at Halfway in 1999”
e1“upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Application timing affected APIS fineness, IPC, and maturity ratio.
- Taxon
- upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Gossypium hirsutume1
- Treatment
- Application timinge0
- Outcome
- APIS measurements of fineness, IPC, and maturity ratioe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application timing also had an impact on APIS measurements of fineness, IPC, and maturity ratio”
e1“upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
APIS measurements helped explain reduced micronaire at Petersburg.
- Taxon
- upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Gossypium hirsutume1
- Outcome
- reductions in micronaire valuese0
- Qualifier
- APIS measurementse0
- Setting
- Petersburge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results from APIS measurements helped explain the reductions in micronaire values at Petersburg”
e1“upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
High Plains producers would benefit from waiting until 60% of harvestable bolls open before using harvest aids.
- Taxon
- upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Gossypium hirsutume1
- Outcome
- until 60% of harvestable bolls are open before applying harvest aidse0
- Qualifier
- under normal conditionse0
- Setting
- High Plains of Texase0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“producers on the High Plains of Texas would benefit from waking until 60% of harvestable bolls are open before applying harvest aids under normal conditions”
e1“upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
When an early freeze is expected, 30% open-boll application may avoid major yield and quality losses, depending on crop condition.
- Taxon
- upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)Gossypium hirsutume1
- Outcome
- 30% OB applications may prevent significant yield and fiber quality lossese0
- Qualifier
- if detrimental weather, such as an early freeze, is expectede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“30% OB applications may prevent significant yield and fiber quality losses if detrimental weather, such as an early freeze, is expected. This however may in itself cause yield losses if the condition of the crop is not conducive to harvest aid applications”
e1“upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)”
The same questions in other papers
(2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid · quality: grain · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.