Abstract
Germination and seedling elongation of soybeans [cult. ‘Williams’] were measured at two temperatures (15 and 3), three seed water contents (30, 50, and 70%), and with and without polyethylene glycol-8000 (PEG) treatments. A split-plot design was used with four replications. Observations were made from two hours to eight days for each treatment combination. Seeds were soaked with 30% PEG solution with 0.2% thiram at 15 C for six days, rinsed with deionized water and dried at 25.5 for three days. Ten treated or untreated seeds were placed on Whatman No. I (9 cm) filter paper in plastic petridishes to which sufficient deionized water was added to adjust seed moisture content to the desired level. The dishes were then sealed with parafilm and placed in a continuous programmed temperature chamber under dark condition. Seedling growth did not occur at either temperature when moisture content was 50 percent or less. Osmo-conditioning with PEG showed positive effects on seedling moisture uptake and seedling growth at 15 but little effect at 3. Seedling moisture content increased rapidly early in the germination period and reached 60% at 15 C for 56 hours and at 3 for 28 hours. Seedling growth started when seed moisture reached a critical point of 60% at 15, however, growth started after 20 hours of germination at 3. Seedlings of soybeans elongated more than four times faster at 3 than at 15. Water uptake during germination was characterized by two phases in this experiment.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling growth did not occur at either temperature at moisture contents of 50 percent or less.
- Taxon
- Soybeans
Glycine maxt0 - Outcome
- Seedling growth did not occure0
- Qualifier
- 50 percent or lesse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybeans”
e0“Seedling growth did not occur at either temperature when moisture content was 50 percent or less”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG osmoconditioning improved seedling moisture uptake at 15 but had little effect at 3.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Osmo-conditioning with PEGe0
- Outcome
- seedling moisture uptakee0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
- Qualifier
- at 15 but little effect at 3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybeans”
e0“Osmo-conditioning with PEG showed positive effects on seedling moisture uptake and seedling growth at 15 but little effect at 3”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG osmoconditioning improved seedling growth at 15 but had little effect at 3.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Osmo-conditioning with PEGe0
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Direction
- positive effectse0
- Qualifier
- at 15 but little effect at 3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybeans”
e0“Osmo-conditioning with PEG showed positive effects on seedling moisture uptake and seedling growth at 15 but little effect at 3”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling moisture content reached 60% after 56 hours at 15 C.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Seedling moisture contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 60%e0
- Qualifier
- at 15 C for 56 hourse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybeans”
e0“Seedling moisture content increased rapidly early in the germination period and reached 60% at 15 C for 56 hours and at 3 for 28 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling moisture content reached 60% after 28 hours at 3.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Seedling moisture contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 60%e0
- Qualifier
- at 3 for 28 hourse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybeans”
e0“Seedling moisture content increased rapidly early in the germination period and reached 60% at 15 C for 56 hours and at 3 for 28 hours”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling growth began when seed moisture reached 60% at 15.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Seedling growth startede0
- Value
- 60%e0
- Qualifier
- at 15e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybeans”
e0“Seedling growth started when seed moisture reached a critical point of 60% at 15”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling growth began after 20 hours of germination at 3.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- growth startede0
- Value
- 20 hourse0
- Qualifier
- at 3e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybeans”
e0“growth started after 20 hours of germination at 3”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean seedlings elongated more than four times faster at 3 than at 15.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- Seedlings of soybeans elongatede0
- Direction
- fastere0
- Value
- more than four timese0
- Qualifier
- at 3e0
- Comparator
- at 15e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedlings of soybeans elongated more than four times faster at 3 than at 15”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination water uptake had two phases.
- Taxon
- SoybeansGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Water uptake during germinatione0
- Value
- two phasese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybeans”
e0“Water uptake during germination was characterized by two phases”
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See all 211 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.