Abstract
Weed flora of different management techniques under different cropping systems have been reported but no sufficient information on weed flora of integrated weed control method in maize/cassava intercrop in southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. This study assessed the weed flora and relative frequencies of weeds in a maize/cassava intercrop under integrated weed management involving two pre-emergence herbicides (Primextra and Galex, each at 2.5 kg/ha alone or with one or two supplementary hoe-weeding, at 6 weeks after planting (WAP) or 6 and 12 WAP, a hoe-weeded check (hoeing at 3, 6 and 12 WAP) and a weedy control. A total of 41 weed species belonging to 35 genera and 19 families comprising of Poaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Asteraceae, Rubiaceae, Cyperaceae among others were encountered in the experimental plots during 2002 and 2004 cropping seasons. The very abundant weed species included Paspalum obiculare Forst, Digitaria horizontalis Willd and Brachiaria deflexa (Schumach) while those with moderate abundance were Bulbistylis arbotiva (Steudel), Cleome viscosa L., Croton lobatus L., Dactylocternium aegyptium (L) P. Beauv., Tridax procunbens L. and Vernonia galamensis (Cass.) Less. The remaining weed species had rare abundance. The relative frequency of the weed species was generally reduced under all the weed control treatments except Paspalum obiculare whose relative frequency was consistently high in all the assessment periods under all the weed control treatments.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Plots contained 41 weed species in 35 genera and 19 families during 2002 and 2004.
- Taxon
- maize/cassava
Manihot esculenta
Zea mayst0 - Outcome
- weed speciese0
- Value
- 41 weed speciese0
- Qualifier
- 35 genera and 19 familiese0
- Setting
- experimental plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A total of 41 weed species belonging to 35 genera and 19 families comprising of Poaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Asteraceae, Rubiaceae, Cyperaceae among others were encountered in the experimental plots during 2002 and 2004 cropping seasons”
t0“Maize/Cassava”
Claim · model-written summary
Paspalum obiculare Forst was very abundant.
- Taxon
- maize/cassavaManihot esculentaZea mayst0
- Interactor
- Paspalum obiculare Forste0weed
- Outcome
- very abundant weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“very abundant weed species included Paspalum obiculare Forst, Digitaria horizontalis Willd and Brachiaria deflexa (Schumach)”
t0“Maize/Cassava”
Claim · model-written summary
Digitaria horizontalis Willd was very abundant.
- Taxon
- maize/cassavaManihot esculentaZea mayst0
- Interactor
- Digitaria horizontalis WilldDigitaria horizontalise0weed
- Outcome
- very abundant weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“very abundant weed species included Paspalum obiculare Forst, Digitaria horizontalis Willd and Brachiaria deflexa (Schumach)”
t0“Maize/Cassava”
Claim · model-written summary
Brachiaria deflexa (Schumach) was very abundant.
- Taxon
- maize/cassavaManihot esculentaZea mayst0
- Interactor
- Brachiaria deflexa (Schumach)Urochloa deflexae0weed
- Outcome
- very abundant weed speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“very abundant weed species included Paspalum obiculare Forst, Digitaria horizontalis Willd and Brachiaria deflexa (Schumach)”
t0“Maize/Cassava”
Claim · model-written summary
Bulbistylis arbotiva, Cleome viscosa and Croton lobatus had moderate abundance.
- Taxon
- maize/cassavaManihot esculentaZea mayst0
- Interactor
- Bulbistylis arbotiva (Steudel)e0weed
- Outcome
- moderate abundancee0
- Qualifier
- Cleome viscosa L., Croton lobatus L.e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“moderate abundance were Bulbistylis arbotiva (Steudel), Cleome viscosa L., Croton lobatus L.”
t0“Maize/Cassava”
Claim · model-written summary
Dactylocternium aegyptium, Tridax procunbens and Vernonia galamensis had moderate abundance.
- Taxon
- maize/cassavaManihot esculentaZea mayst0
- Interactor
- Dactylocternium aegyptium (L) P. Beauv.e0weed
- Outcome
- Dactylocternium aegyptium (L) P. Beauv., Tridax procunbens L. and Vernonia galamensis (Cass.) Lesse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dactylocternium aegyptium (L) P. Beauv., Tridax procunbens L. and Vernonia galamensis (Cass.) Less”
t0“Maize/Cassava”
Claim · model-written summary
The remaining weed species had rare abundance.
- Taxon
- maize/cassavaManihot esculentaZea mayst0
- Outcome
- rare abundancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The remaining weed species had rare abundance”
t0“Maize/Cassava”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control treatments generally reduced relative weed frequency.
- Taxon
- maize/cassavaManihot esculentaZea mayst0
- Treatment
- all the weed control treatmentse0
- Outcome
- relative frequency of the weed speciese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The relative frequency of the weed species was generally reduced under all the weed control treatments”
t0“Maize/Cassava”
Claim · model-written summary
Paspalum obiculare frequency remained consistently high across assessments and treatments.
- Taxon
- maize/cassavaManihot esculentaZea mayst0
- Treatment
- all the weed control treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Paspalum obicularee0weed
- Outcome
- Paspalum obiculare whose relative frequencye0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Paspalum obiculare whose relative frequency was consistently high in all the assessment periods under all the weed control treatments”
t0“Maize/Cassava”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · weed · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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- negative
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See all 406 papers →herbicide · weed · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
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- positive
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- positive
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See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.