Abstract
Abstract Weed competition severely constrains cassava root yield in sub-Saharan Africa; thus, good weed control measures, including the use of herbicides, are increasingly important. Herbicide trials were conducted at five locations across eastern, western, and north-central Nigeria over two cropping seasons (2014 and 2015). Nineteen premixed PRE herbicides applied at different rates were evaluated for efficacy on weeds and selectivity on cassava. Manual hoe-weeding at 4, 8, and 12 wk after planting (WAP) and two S -metolachlor + atrazine treatments commonly used by cassava growers were included for comparison. Six of the 19 PRE herbicide treatments (indaziflam + isoxaflutole, indaziflam + metribuzin, flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone, isoxaflutole, acetochlor + atrazine + terbuthylazine, and terbuthylazine + S -metolachlor) consistently provided 80% to 98% broadleaf and grass weed control up to 8 wk after treatment. Overall, PRE herbicide treatments and cassava yield were significantly positively correlated. Herbicide treatments terbuthylazine + S -metolachlor, flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone, diflufenican + flufenacet + flurtamone (respectively, 60 + 60 + 60, 120 + 120 + 120, 90 + 360 + 120, and 135 + 360 + 180 g ha −1 ), acetochlor + atrazine + terbuthylazine (875 + 875 + 875 g ha −1 ), S -metolachlor + atrazine (870 + 1,110 g ha −1 ), oxyfluorfen (240 g ha −1 ), indaziflam + isoxaflutole (75 + 225 g ha −1 ), indaziflam + metribuzin (75 + 960 g ha −1 ), and aclonifen + isoxaflutole (500 + 75 g ha −1 ) contributed to yields exceeding twice the Nigerian national average of 8.76 tonnes ha −1 . These treatments had root yields of 1.4 to 2 times higher than plots that had been hoe-weeded three times. There were some adverse herbicide treatment effects such as delayed cassava sprouting and temporary leaf bleaching observed in indaziflam and diflufenican + flufenacet + flurtamone treatments, whereas sulfentrazone caused prolonged leaf crinkling. The PRE applications alone at rates safe for cassava did not provide adequate season-long weed control; supplemental POST weed control is needed about 10 WAP for satisfactory season-long control.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Six PRE herbicide treatments consistently provided 80% to 98% broadleaf and grass weed control up to 8 weeks after treatment.
- Taxon
- cassava
Manihot esculentae0 - Treatment
- PRE herbicide treatmentse1
- Interactor
- broadleaf and grass weede2weed
- Outcome
- broadleaf and grass weed controle2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Value
- 80% to 98%e2
- Qualifier
- up to 8 wk after treatmente2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed competition severely constrains cassava root yield in sub-Saharan Africa”
e1“Six of the 19 PRE herbicide treatments”
e2“consistently provided 80% to 98% broadleaf and grass weed control up to 8 wk after treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
PRE herbicide treatments and cassava yield were significantly positively correlated.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Treatment
- PRE herbicide treatmentse0
- Outcome
- cassava yielde0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, PRE herbicide treatments and cassava yield were significantly positively correlated”
Claim · model-written summary
Nine listed herbicide treatments contributed to cassava yields exceeding twice the Nigerian national average of 8.76 tonnes per hectare.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Treatment
- Herbicide treatmentse1
- Outcome
- yieldse2
- Direction
- exceedinge2
- Value
- twicee2
- Comparator
- Nigerian national averagee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed competition severely constrains cassava root yield in sub-Saharan Africa”
e1“Herbicide treatments terbuthylazine + S -metolachlor”
e2“contributed to yields exceeding twice the Nigerian national average of 8.76 tonnes ha −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Those herbicide treatments gave root yields 1.4 to 2 times higher than plots hoe-weeded three times.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Treatment
- Herbicide treatmentse1
- Outcome
- root yieldse2
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 1.4 to 2 timese2
- Comparator
- plots that had been hoe-weeded three timese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed competition severely constrains cassava root yield in sub-Saharan Africa”
e1“Herbicide treatments terbuthylazine + S -metolachlor”
e2“These treatments had root yields of 1.4 to 2 times higher than plots that had been hoe-weeded three times”
Claim · model-written summary
Indaziflam and diflufenican + flufenacet + flurtamone treatments caused delayed cassava sprouting and temporary leaf bleaching.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Treatment
- indaziflam and diflufenican + flufenacet + flurtamone treatmentse0
- Outcome
- delayed cassava sprouting and temporary leaf bleachinge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“delayed cassava sprouting and temporary leaf bleaching observed in indaziflam and diflufenican + flufenacet + flurtamone treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfentrazone caused prolonged leaf crinkling in the cassava herbicide trials.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae1
- Treatment
- sulfentrazonee0
- Outcome
- leaf crinklinge0
- Qualifier
- prolongede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sulfentrazone caused prolonged leaf crinkling”
e1“Weed competition severely constrains cassava root yield in sub-Saharan Africa”
Claim · model-written summary
PRE applications alone at rates safe for cassava did not provide adequate season-long weed control.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Treatment
- PRE applications alonee0
- Outcome
- season-long weed controle0
- Qualifier
- at rates safe for cassavae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The PRE applications alone at rates safe for cassava did not provide adequate season-long weed control”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplemental POST weed control is needed about 10 weeks after planting for satisfactory season-long control in cassava.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae1
- Outcome
- supplemental POST weed controle0
- Value
- about 10 WAPe0
- Qualifier
- satisfactory season-long controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“supplemental POST weed control is needed about 10 WAP for satisfactory season-long control”
e1“rates safe for cassava”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · yield · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Positive and negative results
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- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 25 papers →herbicide · weed · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
11 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.