Abstract
A primary challenge for supporting plants in space is to provide as much photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) as possible, while conserving electrical power. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and microwave lamps are innovative artificial lighting technologies with several appealing features for supporting plant growth in controlled environments. Because of their rugged design, small mass and volume, and narrow spectral output, red and blue LEDs are particularly suited for outfitting plant growth hardware in spaceflight systems. The sulfur-microwave electrode-less high-intensity discharge (HID) produces a bright broad-spectrum visible light at a higher electrical conversion efficiency than conventional light sources. Experiments compared the performance and productivity of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown under conventional lighting sources (high-pressure sodium and cool-white fluorescent lamps) with microwave lamps and various wavelengths of red LEDs. In terms of plant growth and development, experimental results showed that microwave lamps and LEDs were as effective in producing spinach biomass as conventional lamps.
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Claims 2
Claim · model-written summary
Microwave lamps produced spinach biomass as effectively as conventional lamps.
- Taxon
- spinach
Spinacia oleraceae0 - Treatment
- microwave lampse0
- Outcome
- spinach biomasse0
- Direction
- as effectivee0
- Comparator
- conventional lampse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“microwave lamps and LEDs were as effective in producing spinach biomass as conventional lamps”
Claim · model-written summary
LEDs produced spinach biomass as effectively as conventional lamps.
- Taxon
- spinachSpinacia oleraceae0
- Treatment
- LEDse0
- Outcome
- spinach biomasse0
- Direction
- as effectivee0
- Comparator
- conventional lampse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“microwave lamps and LEDs were as effective in producing spinach biomass as conventional lamps”
The same questions in other papers
processing · growth · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →light · growth · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results
22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
30 papers more in this group
See all 34 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.