Abstract
A 4-yr field test was initiated in 1975 to determine susceptibility of a natural infestation of six morningglory species to herbicides which can be applied to the soil and foliage in soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The species studied were pitted morningglory ( Ipomoea lacunosa L.), entireleaf morningglory [ Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq. var. integriuscula ], ivyleaf morningglory [ Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq.], purple moonflower [ Ipomoea muricata (L.) Jacq.], palmleaf morningglory [ Ipomoea wrightii (Gray)], and small flower morningglory [ Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb.]. Control with herbicides applied preplant incorporated and preemergence was dependent on morningglory species and on rainfall to allow plant uptake of the herbicide. Herbicides applied to the soil were not as effective as those applied postemergence. Oxadiazon [2- tert -butyl-4-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-δ 2 -1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one] gave the best and longest lasting preemergence control, averaging 79% control for all species. Preemergence control with metribuzin [4-amino-6- tert -butyl-3-(methylthio)- as -triazin-5(4 H )-one] was dependent on species, with 84% control of small flower morningglory and only 26% for ivyleaf and 18% for entireleaf morningglory. At V2 (one trifoliolate) and V5 stages of soybean growth, acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} at 0.56 kg/ha applied over-the-top and oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene] at 0.28 kg/ha applied post-directed gave 90 and 92% control of all species, respectively. Most effective were repeated post-directed applications at V5 and V7 stages of soybean growth. Metribuzin + 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] (99%), linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] + 2,4-DB (98%), 2,4-DB (95%), and paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) + 2,4-DB (93%) provided excellent control regardless of the morningglory species.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Soil-applied herbicides were less effective than postemergence-applied herbicides at controlling morningglory in soybeans.
- Taxon
- Glycine max
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- Herbicides applied to the soile2
- Outcome
- effectivee2
- Direction
- not as effectivee2
- Comparator
- those applied postemergencee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“Herbicides applied to the soil were not as effective as those applied postemergence”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxadiazon gave the best and longest lasting preemergence control, averaging 79% control across all morningglory species in soybeans.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Oxadiazone2
- Outcome
- preemergence controle2
- Direction
- beste2
- Value
- 79%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“Oxadiazon [2- tert -butyl-4-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-δ 2 -1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one] gave the best and longest lasting preemergence control, averaging 79% control for all species”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence metribuzin gave 84% control of small flower morningglory in soybeans.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- metribuzine2
- Interactor
- small flower morningglorye2weed
- Outcome
- controle2
- Value
- 84%e2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“Preemergence control with metribuzin [4-amino-6- tert -butyl-3-(methylthio)- as -triazin-5(4 H )-one] was dependent on species, with 84% control of small flower morningglory and only 26% for ivyleaf and 18% for entireleaf morningglory”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence metribuzin gave 26% control of ivyleaf morningglory in soybeans.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“Preemergence control with metribuzin [4-amino-6- tert -butyl-3-(methylthio)- as -triazin-5(4 H )-one] was dependent on species, with 84% control of small flower morningglory and only 26% for ivyleaf and 18% for entireleaf morningglory”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence metribuzin gave 18% control of entireleaf morningglory in soybeans.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- metribuzine2
- Interactor
- entireleaf morningglorye2weed
- Outcome
- controle2
- Value
- 18%e2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“Preemergence control with metribuzin [4-amino-6- tert -butyl-3-(methylthio)- as -triazin-5(4 H )-one] was dependent on species, with 84% control of small flower morningglory and only 26% for ivyleaf and 18% for entireleaf morningglory”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence acifluorfen at 0.56 kg/ha applied over-the-top gave 90% control of morningglory species in soybeans.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} at 0.56 kg/ha applied over-the-tope2
- Outcome
- controle2
- Value
- 90e2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“At V2 (one trifoliolate) and V5 stages of soybean growth, acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} at 0.56 kg/ha applied over-the-top and oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene] at 0.28 kg/ha applied post-directed gave 90 and 92% control of all species, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence oxyfluorfen at 0.28 kg/ha applied post-directed gave 92% control of morningglory species in soybeans.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene] at 0.28 kg/ha applied post-directede2
- Outcome
- controle2
- Value
- 92%e2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“At V2 (one trifoliolate) and V5 stages of soybean growth, acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} at 0.56 kg/ha applied over-the-top and oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene] at 0.28 kg/ha applied post-directed gave 90 and 92% control of all species, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated post-directed applications at the V5 and V7 soybean stages were the most effective treatment.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe1
- Organ / stage
- V5 and V7 stagese2
- Treatment
- repeated post-directed applicationse2
- Outcome
- effectivee2
- Direction
- Most effectivee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“Most effective were repeated post-directed applications at V5 and V7 stages of soybean growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Metribuzin plus 2,4-DB gave 99% control of morningglory species in soybeans, regardless of species.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Metribuzin + 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid]e2
- Interactor
- morningglory speciese2weed
- Outcome
- controle2
- Value
- 99%e2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“Metribuzin + 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] (99%), linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] + 2,4-DB (98%), 2,4-DB (95%), and paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) + 2,4-DB (93%) provided excellent control regardless of the morningglory species”
Claim · model-written summary
Linuron plus 2,4-DB gave 98% control of morningglory species in soybeans, regardless of species.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] + 2,4-DBe2
- Interactor
- morningglory speciese2weed
- Outcome
- controle2
- Value
- 98%e2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“Metribuzin + 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] (99%), linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] + 2,4-DB (98%), 2,4-DB (95%), and paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) + 2,4-DB (93%) provided excellent control regardless of the morningglory species”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-DB alone gave 95% control of morningglory species in soybeans, regardless of species.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- 2,4-DBe2
- Interactor
- morningglory speciese2weed
- Outcome
- controle2
- Value
- 95%e2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“Metribuzin + 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] (99%), linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] + 2,4-DB (98%), 2,4-DB (95%), and paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) + 2,4-DB (93%) provided excellent control regardless of the morningglory species”
Claim · model-written summary
Paraquat plus 2,4-DB gave 93% control of morningglory species in soybeans, regardless of species.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) + 2,4-DBe2
- Interactor
- morningglory speciese2weed
- Outcome
- controle2
- Value
- 93%e2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“Metribuzin + 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid] (99%), linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] + 2,4-DB (98%), 2,4-DB (95%), and paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) + 2,4-DB (93%) provided excellent control regardless of the morningglory species”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence herbicide control in soybeans depended on morningglory species and on rainfall for herbicide uptake.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- rainfalle2
- Interactor
- morningglory speciese2weed
- Outcome
- Controle2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“Control with herbicides applied preplant incorporated and preemergence was dependent on morningglory species and on rainfall to allow plant uptake of the herbicide”
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See all 9 papers →acifluorfen · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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See all 21 papers →metribuzin · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 48 papers →Oxadiazon · control · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Oxyfluorfen · control · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
paraquat · control · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
9 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
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See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.