Abstract
Common waterhemp was first identified in Ontario in 2002. Eight trials were conducted ove r a 3-yr period (2003-2005) at Cottam and Petrolia, Ontario to determine the efficacy of various preemergence and postemergence herbicides for the control of herbicideresistant waterhemp in soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Waterhemp was resistant to the a cetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides at both locations and to the photosystem II-inhibiting herbicides at Petrolia; therefore, results varied by location. Results at Petrolia also varied across years. Waterhemp interference resulted in soybean yield losses of up to 73% in weedy versus weed-free checks. Preemergence-applied metolachlor, dimethenamid, and linuron provided greater than 80% control and metolachlor plus metribuzin 94% or greater control of waterhemp 70 d after emergence at both locations. Acifluorfen, fomesafen, imazamox plus fomesafen, and glyphosate applied postemergence resulted in 87% or greater waterhemp control 70 d after application at Cottam in 2003 and 2004 and at Petrolia in 2004; however, waterhemp control with these herbicides was only 60 to 66% at Petrolia in 2005 due to prolonged weed emergence. Multiple herbicide applications per season may be required for effective waterhemp control in soybean. Key words:
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Waterhemp resisted acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides at both locations.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- a cetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicidese0
- Interactor
- Waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- Waterhemp was resistante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Waterhemp was resistant to the a cetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides at both locations”
Claim · model-written summary
Waterhemp resisted photosystem II-inhibiting herbicides at Petrolia.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- photosystem II-inhibiting herbicidese0
- Interactor
- Waterhempe1weed
- Outcome
- Waterhemp was resistante1
- Setting
- Petroliae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“to the photosystem II-inhibiting herbicides at Petrolia”
e1“Waterhemp was resistant”
Claim · model-written summary
Waterhemp interference caused up to 73% soybean yield loss versus weed-free checks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Waterhemp interferencee0
- Interactor
- Waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- soybean yield lossese0
- Direction
- lossese0
- Value
- 73%e0
- Comparator
- weed-free checkse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Waterhemp interference resulted in soybean yield losses of up to 73% in weedy versus weed-free checks”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence metolachlor provided greater than 80% waterhemp control at 70 days at both locations.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- metolachlore0
- Interactor
- waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- control of waterhempe0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- greater than 80%e0
- Qualifier
- 70 d after emergence at both locationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Preemergence-applied metolachlor, dimethenamid, and linuron provided greater than 80% control and metolachlor plus metribuzin 94% or greater control of waterhemp 70 d after emergence at both locations”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence dimethenamid provided greater than 80% waterhemp control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- dimethenamide0
- Interactor
- waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- control of waterhempe0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- greater than 80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Preemergence-applied metolachlor, dimethenamid, and linuron provided greater than 80% control and metolachlor plus metribuzin 94% or greater control of waterhemp 70 d after emergence at both locations”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence linuron provided greater than 80% waterhemp control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- linurone0
- Interactor
- waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- control of waterhempe0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- greater than 80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Preemergence-applied metolachlor, dimethenamid, and linuron provided greater than 80% control and metolachlor plus metribuzin 94% or greater control of waterhemp 70 d after emergence at both locations”
Claim · model-written summary
Preemergence metolachlor plus metribuzin provided at least 94% waterhemp control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- metolachlor plus metribuzine0
- Interactor
- waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- control of waterhempe0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- 94% or greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“metolachlor plus metribuzin 94% or greater control of waterhemp 70 d after emergence at both locations”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence acifluorfen provided at least 87% waterhemp control in Cottam in 2003 and 2004 and Petrolia in 2004.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Acifluorfene0
- Interactor
- waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- waterhemp controle0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- 87% or greatere0
- Setting
- Cottame0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Acifluorfen, fomesafen, imazamox plus fomesafen, and glyphosate applied postemergence resulted in 87% or greater waterhemp control 70 d after application at Cottam in 2003 and 2004 and at Petrolia in 2004”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence fomesafen provided at least 87% waterhemp control in those site-years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- fomesafene0
- Interactor
- waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- waterhemp controle0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- 87% or greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Acifluorfen, fomesafen, imazamox plus fomesafen, and glyphosate applied postemergence resulted in 87% or greater waterhemp control 70 d after application at Cottam in 2003 and 2004 and at Petrolia in 2004”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence imazamox plus fomesafen provided at least 87% waterhemp control in those site-years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- imazamox plus fomesafene0
- Interactor
- waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- waterhemp controle0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- 87% or greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Acifluorfen, fomesafen, imazamox plus fomesafen, and glyphosate applied postemergence resulted in 87% or greater waterhemp control 70 d after application at Cottam in 2003 and 2004 and at Petrolia in 2004”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence glyphosate provided at least 87% waterhemp control in those site-years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Interactor
- waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- waterhemp controle0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- 87% or greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Acifluorfen, fomesafen, imazamox plus fomesafen, and glyphosate applied postemergence resulted in 87% or greater waterhemp control 70 d after application at Cottam in 2003 and 2004 and at Petrolia in 2004”
Claim · model-written summary
Those postemergence herbicides controlled only 60 to 66% of waterhemp at Petrolia in 2005 because emergence was prolonged.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- waterhemp controle0
- Direction
- onlye0
- Value
- 60 to 66%e0
- Qualifier
- prolonged weed emergencee0
- Setting
- Petroliae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“waterhemp control with these herbicides was only 60 to 66% at Petrolia in 2005 due to prolonged weed emergence”
Claim · model-written summary
Multiple herbicide applications per season may be required for effective waterhemp control in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- Multiple herbicide applications per seasone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Multiple herbicide applications per season may be required for effective waterhemp control in soybean”
The same questions in other papers
linuron · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →metolachlor · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →acifluorfen · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →fomesafen · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
18 papers more in this group
See all 22 papers →metribuzin · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
42 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
44 papers more in this group
See all 48 papers →glyphosate · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
69 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
72 papers more in this group
See all 76 papers →imazamox · control · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.