Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during summer season of 2008 and 2009 to investigate the effect of different levels of bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter and PSB) in combination with fourlevels of NPK fertilizers on growth and yield of cauliflower hybrid ‘Swati’. The application of bio-fertilizers alone and in combination resulted in significant improvement in plant height, number of leaves/plant, curd diameter, curd depth, gross weight/plant, marketable curd yield and benefit cost ratio. The increased marketable curd yield was to the tune of 26.4%, 24.19% and 18.16% with the combination of bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter + PSB), PSB and Azotobacter, respectively over un-inoculated control. The application of NPK fertilizers significantly increased all the growth and yield parameters along with marketable curd yield over control with each incremental level of NPK. The interaction effects showed that gross weight/plant, marketable curd yield and benefit cost ratio were increased in a linear manner with the application of bio-inoculants integrated with increasing levels of NPK fertilizers. The highest marketable yield (247 q/ha) was recorded when the plots were supplemented with 100% NPK + seedlings dipping of both the inoculants. Furthermore, it was observed that the yield (238.66 q/ha) obtained with the application of 75% NPK +Azotobacter +PSB was at par with that of recommended NPK (100%), thus resulting in net saving of 25% NPK fertilizers with maximum benefit cost ratio(5.06).
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizers improved cauliflower growth, curd traits, yield and benefit cost ratio.
- Taxon
- cauliflower
Brassica oleracea var. botrytist0 - Treatment
- bio-fertilizers alone and in combinatione0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leaves/plant, curd diametere0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of bio-fertilizers alone and in combination resulted in significant improvement in plant height, number of leaves/plant, curd diameter, curd depth, gross weight/plant, marketable curd yield and benefit cost ratio”
t0“cauliflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizers improved curd depth, gross weight, and marketable yield.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- bio-fertilizers alone and in combinatione0
- Outcome
- curd depth, gross weight/plant, marketable curd yielde0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of bio-fertilizers alone and in combination resulted in significant improvement in plant height, number of leaves/plant, curd diameter, curd depth, gross weight/plant, marketable curd yield and benefit cost ratio”
t0“cauliflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizers improved benefit cost ratio.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- bio-fertilizers alone and in combinatione0
- Outcome
- benefit cost ratioe0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of bio-fertilizers alone and in combination resulted in significant improvement in plant height, number of leaves/plant, curd diameter, curd depth, gross weight/plant, marketable curd yield and benefit cost ratio”
t0“cauliflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Marketable curd yield increased under bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter + PSB).
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter + PSB)e0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter + PSBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- marketable curd yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 26.4%e0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased marketable curd yield was to the tune of 26.4%, 24.19% and 18.16% with the combination of bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter + PSB), PSB and Azotobacter, respectively over un-inoculated control”
t0“cauliflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Marketable curd yield increased under PSB.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- PSBe0
- Interactor
- PSBe0symbiont
- Outcome
- marketable curd yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 24.19%e0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased marketable curd yield was to the tune of 26.4%, 24.19% and 18.16% with the combination of bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter + PSB), PSB and Azotobacter, respectively over un-inoculated control”
t0“cauliflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Marketable curd yield increased under Azotobacter.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- Azotobactere0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter
Azotobactere0symbiont - Outcome
- marketable curd yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 18.16%e0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased marketable curd yield was to the tune of 26.4%, 24.19% and 18.16% with the combination of bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter + PSB), PSB and Azotobacter, respectively over un-inoculated control”
t0“cauliflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing NPK levels significantly increased growth and yield parameters.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- NPK fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- growth and yield parameterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of NPK fertilizers significantly increased all the growth and yield parameters along with marketable curd yield over control with each incremental level of NPK”
t0“cauliflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing NPK levels significantly increased marketable curd yield.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- NPK fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- marketable curd yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of NPK fertilizers significantly increased all the growth and yield parameters along with marketable curd yield over control with each incremental level of NPK”
t0“cauliflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated inoculants and increasing NPK raised gross weight, yield and benefit cost ratio linearly.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- bio-inoculants integrated with increasing levels of NPK fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- gross weight/plant, marketable curd yield and benefit cost ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gross weight/plant, marketable curd yield and benefit cost ratio were increased in a linear manner with the application of bio-inoculants integrated with increasing levels of NPK fertilizers”
t0“cauliflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Full NPK plus both inoculants gave the highest marketable yield of 247 q/ha.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- 100% NPK + seedlings dipping of both the inoculantse0
- Outcome
- marketable yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 247 q/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest marketable yield (247 q/ha) was recorded when the plots were supplemented with 100% NPK + seedlings dipping of both the inoculants”
t0“cauliflower”
Claim · model-written summary
75% NPK plus both inoculants yielded 238.66 q/ha, on par with full NPK.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Treatment
- 75% NPK +Azotobacter +PSBe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- at pare0
- Value
- 238.66 q/hae0
- Comparator
- recommended NPK (100%)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yield (238.66 q/ha) obtained with the application of 75% NPK +Azotobacter +PSB was at par with that of recommended NPK (100%)”
t0“cauliflower”
Claim · model-written summary
The 75% NPK inoculant regime saved 25% NPK fertilizer.
- Taxon
- cauliflowerBrassica oleracea var. botrytist0
- Outcome
- net saving of 25% NPK fertilizerse0
- Direction
- savinge0
- Value
- 25%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thus resulting in net saving of 25% NPK fertilizers with maximum benefit cost ratio(5.06)”
t0“cauliflower”
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