Abstract
One fast-growing and three slow-growing strains of Rhizobium (isolated from cowpeas) were evaluated for symbiotic performance on Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cultivar California no. 5 blackeyes. Plants inoculated with slow-growing strains 176A22, 176A30, and 176A32 developed a maximum acetylene reduction activity of 24.6, 27.0, and 32 mumol of ethylene formed per plant per h, respectively, versus 6.4 mumol per plant per h in plants inoculated with the fast-growing strain 176A28. When inoculated with approximately equal proportions of rhizobia, the fast-growing strain 176A28 produced 95% of the nodules when challenged with the slow-growing strain 176A22, but formed only 6% of the nodules when challenged with the slow-growing strain 176A30. Consequently, there was no relation between the growth rate in vitro and the capability of rhizobia to compete for nodule-forming sites. Plants inoculated with strain 176A28 and subjected to drought during the vegetative growth period recovered to the same level of nitrogen fixation and nodulation as those that received adequate irrigation. On the other hand, plants inoculated with strains 176A22, 176A30, and 176A32 failed to achieve the same levels of nodulation and nitrogen fixation under drought as compared with irrigated conditions.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Strain 176A22 gave a maximum acetylene reduction activity of 24.6, higher than the fast-growing strain 176A28 (6.4).
- Taxon
- Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculatae2 - Material
- 176A22e1
- Treatment
- slow-growing strains 176A22, 176A30, and 176A32e1
- Outcome
- maximum acetylene reduction activitye1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 24.6e1
- Comparator
- fast-growing strain 176A28e1
RhizobiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plants inoculated with slow-growing strains 176A22, 176A30, and 176A32 developed a maximum acetylene reduction activity of 24.6, 27.0, and 32 mumol of ethylene formed per plant per h, respectively, versus 6.4 mumol per plant per h in plants inoculated with the fast-growing strain 176A28”
e2“evaluated for symbiotic performance on Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cultivar California no. 5 blackeyes”
e3“One fast-growing and three slow-growing strains of Rhizobium (isolated from cowpeas)”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain 176A30 gave a maximum acetylene reduction activity of 27.0, higher than the fast-growing strain 176A28 (6.4).
- Taxon
- Vigna unguiculataVigna unguiculatae2
- Material
- 176A30e1
- Treatment
- slow-growing strains 176A22, 176A30, and 176A32e1
- Outcome
- maximum acetylene reduction activitye1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 27.0e1
- Comparator
- fast-growing strain 176A28e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plants inoculated with slow-growing strains 176A22, 176A30, and 176A32 developed a maximum acetylene reduction activity of 24.6, 27.0, and 32 mumol of ethylene formed per plant per h, respectively, versus 6.4 mumol per plant per h in plants inoculated with the fast-growing strain 176A28”
e2“evaluated for symbiotic performance on Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cultivar California no. 5 blackeyes”
e3“One fast-growing and three slow-growing strains of Rhizobium (isolated from cowpeas)”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain 176A32 gave a maximum acetylene reduction activity of 32, higher than the fast-growing strain 176A28 (6.4).
- Taxon
- Vigna unguiculataVigna unguiculatae2
- Material
- 176A32e1
- Treatment
- slow-growing strains 176A22, 176A30, and 176A32e1
- Outcome
- maximum acetylene reduction activitye1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 32e1
- Comparator
- fast-growing strain 176A28e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Plants inoculated with slow-growing strains 176A22, 176A30, and 176A32 developed a maximum acetylene reduction activity of 24.6, 27.0, and 32 mumol of ethylene formed per plant per h, respectively, versus 6.4 mumol per plant per h in plants inoculated with the fast-growing strain 176A28”
e2“evaluated for symbiotic performance on Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cultivar California no. 5 blackeyes”
e3“One fast-growing and three slow-growing strains of Rhizobium (isolated from cowpeas)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fast-growing strain 176A28 formed 95% of the nodules when challenged with slow-growing strain 176A22.
- Taxon
- Vigna unguiculataVigna unguiculatae2
- Material
- 176A28e4
- Treatment
- challenged with the slow-growing strain 176A22e4
- Outcome
- nodulese4
- Direction
- higherinferrede4
- Value
- 95%e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“When inoculated with approximately equal proportions of rhizobia, the fast-growing strain 176A28 produced 95% of the nodules when challenged with the slow-growing strain 176A22, but formed only 6% of the nodules when challenged with the slow-growing strain 176A30”
e2“evaluated for symbiotic performance on Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cultivar California no. 5 blackeyes”
e3“One fast-growing and three slow-growing strains of Rhizobium (isolated from cowpeas)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fast-growing strain 176A28 formed only 6% of the nodules when challenged with slow-growing strain 176A30.
- Taxon
- Vigna unguiculataVigna unguiculatae2
- Material
- 176A28e4
- Treatment
- challenged with the slow-growing strain 176A30e4
- Outcome
- nodulese4
- Direction
- lowerinferrede4
- Value
- 6%e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“When inoculated with approximately equal proportions of rhizobia, the fast-growing strain 176A28 produced 95% of the nodules when challenged with the slow-growing strain 176A22, but formed only 6% of the nodules when challenged with the slow-growing strain 176A30”
e2“evaluated for symbiotic performance on Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cultivar California no. 5 blackeyes”
e3“One fast-growing and three slow-growing strains of Rhizobium (isolated from cowpeas)”
Claim · model-written summary
No relation was found between in vitro growth rate of rhizobia and their capability to compete for nodule-forming sites.
- Taxon
- Vigna unguiculataVigna unguiculatae2
- Outcome
- capability of rhizobia to compete for nodule-forming sitese5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“there was no relation between the growth rate in vitro and the capability of rhizobia to compete for nodule-forming sites”
e2“evaluated for symbiotic performance on Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cultivar California no. 5 blackeyes”
e3“One fast-growing and three slow-growing strains of Rhizobium (isolated from cowpeas)”
Claim · model-written summary
Strain 176A28 under drought during vegetative growth recovered to the same nitrogen fixation and nodulation as irrigated plants.
- Taxon
- Vigna unguiculataVigna unguiculatae2
- Material
- 176A28e6
- Treatment
- subjected to drought during the vegetative growth periode6
- Outcome
- nitrogen fixation and nodulatione6
- Direction
- recovered to the same levele6
- Comparator
- adequate irrigatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Plants inoculated with strain 176A28 and subjected to drought during the vegetative growth period recovered to the same level of nitrogen fixation and nodulation as those that received adequate irrigation”
e2“evaluated for symbiotic performance on Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cultivar California no. 5 blackeyes”
e3“One fast-growing and three slow-growing strains of Rhizobium (isolated from cowpeas)”
Claim · model-written summary
Strains 176A22, 176A30 and 176A32 under drought failed to reach the nodulation and nitrogen fixation levels of irrigated plants.
- Taxon
- Vigna unguiculataVigna unguiculatae2
- Material
- strains 176A22, 176A30, and 176A32e7
- Treatment
- under droughte7
- Outcome
- nodulation and nitrogen fixatione7
- Direction
- failed to achieve the same levelse7
- Comparator
- irrigated conditionse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“plants inoculated with strains 176A22, 176A30, and 176A32 failed to achieve the same levels of nodulation and nitrogen fixation under drought as compared with irrigated conditions”
e2“evaluated for symbiotic performance on Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cultivar California no. 5 blackeyes”
e3“One fast-growing and three slow-growing strains of Rhizobium (isolated from cowpeas)”
The same questions in other papers
drought · Rhizobium · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.