Abstract
Non-uniform stomatal behaviour of vine leaves is associated with a heterobaric leaf structure. A microscopical analysis of cross sections of glasshouse- and in vitro-grown Silvaner leaves indicates single airspaces which are pneumatically isolated by vessels, bundle sheath extensions and the abaxial and adaxial epidermes. A pressure-regulated infiltration technique is presented by which the infiltration process and the infiltration capacity (percentage of the surface area of infiltrated airspaces) can be estimated and photographed using a light microscope. The average surface area of airspaces ranged from 0.10 mm2 (Regent) to 0.14 mm2 (Silvaner), the number of stomata per airspace from 35 (Regent) to 42 (Silvaner). The infiltration capacity of turgid leaves is shown to be negatively correlated with the surface tension of the infiltrated liquid and positively with stomatal conductance and with infiltration pressure, except for very low stomatal conductances (e.g. 12 mmol H2O m-2 s-1). The latter relationship follows a saturation curve confirming heterogenous stomatal aperture over the leaf blade. The distribution of stomatal apertures does not appear to be bimodal but to follow a bell-shaped curve. There is some evidence for the stomata of an airspace to behave heterogenously as well.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf airspaces were pneumatically isolated by veins and other structures.
VitisOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“single airspaces which are pneumatically isolated by vessels, bundle sheath extensions and the abaxial and adaxial epidermes”
t0“grapevine leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Airspace area ranged from 0.10 mm2 in Regent to 0.14 mm2 in Silvaner.
- Material
- Regente0
- Outcome
- average surface area of airspacese0
- Value
- 0.10 mm2e0
- Qualifier
- 0.14 mm2 (Silvaner)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average surface area of airspaces ranged from 0.10 mm2 (Regent) to 0.14 mm2 (Silvaner)”
t0“grapevine leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomata per airspace ranged from 35 in Regent to 42 in Silvaner.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of stomata per airspace from 35 (Regent) to 42 (Silvaner)”
t0“grapevine leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Infiltration capacity was negatively correlated with liquid surface tension.
- Treatment
- surface tension of the infiltrated liquide0
- Outcome
- infiltration capacitye0
- Direction
- negatively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The infiltration capacity of turgid leaves is shown to be negatively correlated with the surface tension of the infiltrated liquid”
t0“grapevine leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Infiltration capacity was positively correlated with stomatal conductance.
- Treatment
- stomatal conductancee0
- Outcome
- infiltration capacitye1
- Direction
- positivelye0
- Qualifier
- except for very low stomatal conductances (e.g. 12 mmol H2O m-2 s-1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“positively with stomatal conductance and with infiltration pressure, except for very low stomatal conductances (e.g. 12 mmol H2O m-2 s-1)”
t0“grapevine leaves”
e1“The infiltration capacity of turgid leaves is shown to be negatively correlated with the surface tension of the infiltrated liquid”
Claim · model-written summary
Infiltration capacity was positively related to infiltration pressure.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“positively with stomatal conductance and with infiltration pressure”
t0“grapevine leaves”
e1“The infiltration capacity of turgid leaves is shown to be negatively correlated with the surface tension of the infiltrated liquid”
Claim · model-written summary
The pressure relationship followed a saturation curve.
- Outcome
- saturation curvee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The latter relationship follows a saturation curve confirming heterogenous stomatal aperture over the leaf blade”
t0“grapevine leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal apertures appeared bell shaped rather than bimodal in distribution.
- Outcome
- bell-shaped curvee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The distribution of stomatal apertures does not appear to be bimodal but to follow a bell-shaped curve”
t0“grapevine leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomata within an airspace may also behave heterogeneously.
- Outcome
- behave heterogenouslye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There is some evidence for the stomata of an airspace to behave heterogenously as well”
t0“grapevine leaves”