Abstract
This study was initiated to evaluate and compare the effect of root and soil treatments with sodium tetrathiocarbonate (STTC) (Enzone), metalaxyl (Ridomil), and fosetyl-Al (Aliette) on subsequent development of Phytophthora root rot on citrus. Disease development was significantly reduced on rough lemon seedlings treated with STTC or metalaxyl compared to untreated plants when this citrus rootstock was inoculated with sporangia of P. citrophthora or P. parasitica. Growth of rough lemon seedlings in soil naturally infested with P. parasitica that was treated one week before planting with STTC or metalaxyl was equivalent to that obtained in sterilized orchard soil STTC applied as a soil drench at 2,450 ppm was lethal to P. citrophthora and P. parasitica on colonized leaf disks of lepton buried in soil, whereas a similar treatment with metalaxyl at 10 ppm or fosetyl Al at 3,000 ppm did not appreciably affect pathogen viability. Sporangium production on leaf disks of lemon colonized by P. citrophthora and P. parasitica and buried in soil was reduced at least 90% compared to the untreated control six days after treatment of soil with 2,450 ppm of STTC, 10 ppm of metalaxyl, or 3,000 ppm of fosetyl AL These studies demonstrate the potential usefulness of sodium tetrathiocarbonate as a fungicide for control of Phytophthora root rot of citrus. Only fosetyl-Al (Aliette) and metalaxyl (Ridomil) currently are registered for control of Phytophthora diseases on citrus.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
STTC or metalaxyl significantly reduced Phytophthora disease development on rough lemon seedlings compared with untreated plants.
- Taxon
- rough lemon
.jpg?width=60)
Citrus jambhirie1 - Treatment
- STTC or metalaxyle1
- Interactor
- P. citrophthoraPhytophthora citrophthorae1pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. parasitica
Phytophthora nicotianaee1pathogen - Outcome
- Disease developmente1
- Direction
- significantly reducede1
- Comparator
- untreated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“Disease development was significantly reduced on rough lemon seedlings treated with STTC or metalaxyl compared to untreated plants when this citrus rootstock was inoculated with sporangia of P. citrophthora or P. parasitica”
Claim · model-written summary
Rough lemon growth in naturally infested soil after STTC or metalaxyl treatment was equivalent to growth in sterilized orchard soil.
- Taxon
- rough lemonCitrus jambhirie2
- Treatment
- treated one week before planting with STTC or metalaxyle2
- Interactor
- P. parasiticaPhytophthora nicotianaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- Growthe2
- Direction
- equivalente2
- Comparator
- sterilized orchard soile2
- Setting
- soil naturally infestede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Growth of rough lemon seedlings in soil naturally infested with P. parasitica that was treated one week before planting with STTC or metalaxyl was equivalent to that obtained in sterilized orchard soil”
Claim · model-written summary
STTC applied as a soil drench at 2,450 ppm was lethal to P. citrophthora and P. parasitica on colonized leaf disks buried in soil.
- Treatment
- STTC applied as a soil drench at 2,450 ppme3
- Interactor
- P. citrophthoraPhytophthora citrophthorae3pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. parasiticaPhytophthora nicotianaee3pathogen
- Outcome
- pathogen viabilitye3
- Qualifier
- colonized leaf disks of lepton buried in soile3
- Comparator
- metalaxyl at 10 ppm or fosetyl Al at 3,000 ppme3
CitrusNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Phytophthora Root Rot of Citrus”
e3“STTC applied as a soil drench at 2,450 ppm was lethal to P. citrophthora and P. parasitica on colonized leaf disks of lepton buried in soil, whereas a similar treatment with metalaxyl at 10 ppm or fosetyl Al at 3,000 ppm did not appreciably affect pathogen viability”
Claim · model-written summary
Metalaxyl at 10 ppm or fosetyl-Al at 3,000 ppm did not appreciably affect pathogen viability in soil.
- Treatment
- metalaxyl at 10 ppm or fosetyl Al at 3,000 ppme3
- Interactor
- P. citrophthoraPhytophthora citrophthorae3pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. parasiticaPhytophthora nicotianaee3pathogen
- Outcome
- pathogen viabilitye3
- Comparator
- STTCe3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Phytophthora Root Rot of Citrus”
e3“STTC applied as a soil drench at 2,450 ppm was lethal to P. citrophthora and P. parasitica on colonized leaf disks of lepton buried in soil, whereas a similar treatment with metalaxyl at 10 ppm or fosetyl Al at 3,000 ppm did not appreciably affect pathogen viability”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil treatment with STTC, metalaxyl or fosetyl-Al reduced sporangium production on lemon leaf disks by at least 90% compared with the untreated control.
- Taxon
- lemon
Citrus ×limone4 - Treatment
- treatment of soil with 2,450 ppm of STTC, 10 ppm of metalaxyl, or 3,000 ppm of fosetyl ALe4
- Interactor
- P. citrophthoraPhytophthora citrophthorae4pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. parasiticaPhytophthora nicotianaee4pathogen
- Outcome
- Sporangium productione4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- at least 90%e4
- Comparator
- untreated controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Sporangium production on leaf disks of lemon colonized by P. citrophthora and P. parasitica and buried in soil was reduced at least 90% compared to the untreated control six days after treatment of soil with 2,450 ppm of STTC, 10 ppm of metalaxyl, or 3,000 ppm of fosetyl AL”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that sodium tetrathiocarbonate has potential as a fungicide for control of Phytophthora root rot of citrus.
- Treatment
- sodium tetrathiocarbonate as a fungicidee5
- Outcome
- control of Phytophthora root rot of citruse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“These studies demonstrate the potential usefulness of sodium tetrathiocarbonate as a fungicide for control of Phytophthora root rot of citrus”
The same questions in other papers
metalaxyl · Phytophthora citrophthora · CitrusPositive and negative results
1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
fosetyl-Al · Phytophthora citrophthora · CitrusPositive and negative results
3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
sodium atom · Phytophthora citrophthora · Citrus jambhiri (rough lemon)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
metalaxyl · Phytophthora citrophthora · Citrus jambhiri (rough lemon)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
application · Phytophthora citrophthora · CitrusResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.