Abstract
Micromonospora is a Gram positive bacterium that can be isolated from nitrogen fixing nodules from healthy leguminous plants, where they could be beneficial to the plant. Their plant growth promoting activity in legume and non-legume plants has been previously demonstrated. The present study explores the ability of Micromonospora strains to control fungal pathogens and to stimulate plant immunity. Micromonospora strains isolated from surface sterilized nodules of alfalfa showed in vitro antifungal activity against several pathogenic fungi. Moreover, root inoculation of tomato plants with these Micromonospora strains effectively reduced leaf infection by the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea, despite spatial separation between both microorganisms. This induced systemic resistance, confirmed in different tomato cultivars, is long lasting. Gene expression analyses evidenced that Micromonospora stimulates the plant capacity to activate defense mechanisms upon pathogen attack. The defensive response of tomato plants inoculated with Micromonospora spp. differs from that of non-inoculated plants, showing a stronger induction of jasmonate-regulated defenses when the plant is challenged with a pathogen. The hypothesis of jasmonates playing a key role in this defense priming effect was confirmed using defense-impaired tomato mutants, since the JA-deficient line def1 was unable to display a long term induced resistance upon Micromonospora spp. inoculation. In conclusion, nodule isolated Micromonospora strains should be considered excellent candidates as biocontrol agents as they combine both direct antifungal activity against plant pathogens and the ability to prime plant immunity.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Micromonospora strains from alfalfa nodules had antifungal activity against several pathogenic fungi in vitro.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae0 - Interactor
- Micromonospora strainse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- antifungal activitye0
- Qualifier
- in vitroe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Micromonospora strains isolated from surface sterilized nodules of alfalfa showed in vitro antifungal activity against several pathogenic fungi.”
Claim · model-written summary
Root inoculation with Micromonospora reduced Botrytis cinerea leaf infection in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- root inoculation of tomato plants with these Micromonospora strainse0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereae0pathogen - Second interactor
- Micromonospora strainse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- leaf infectione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root inoculation of tomato plants with these Micromonospora strains effectively reduced leaf infection by the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea”
Claim · model-written summary
Induced systemic resistance was long lasting across tomato cultivars.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- induced systemic resistancee0
- Qualifier
- long lastinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This induced systemic resistance, confirmed in different tomato cultivars, is long lasting.”
Claim · model-written summary
Micromonospora stimulated capacity to activate defense mechanisms upon pathogen attack.
- Taxon
- plante0
- Treatment
- Micromonosporae0
- Interactor
- Micromonospora
Micromonosporae0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- capacity to activate defense mechanismse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Micromonospora stimulates the plant capacity to activate defense mechanisms upon pathogen attack.”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated tomato showed stronger jasmonate-regulated defenses after pathogen challenge than non-inoculated plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Micromonospora spp.e0
- Interactor
- Micromonospora spp.Micromonosporae0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- induction of jasmonate-regulated defensese0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The defensive response of tomato plants inoculated with Micromonospora spp. differs from that of non-inoculated plants, showing a stronger induction of jasmonate-regulated defenses when the plant is challenged with a pathogen.”
Claim · model-written summary
The JA-deficient def1 tomato line did not show long-term induced resistance after Micromonospora inoculation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- def1e0
- Treatment
- Micromonospora spp. inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Micromonospora spp.Micromonosporae0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- long term induced resistancee0
- Direction
- unable to displaye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the JA-deficient line def1 was unable to display a long term induced resistance upon Micromonospora spp. inoculation.”
e1“tomato mutants”
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