Abstract
Coleoptile and root tips ofTriticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624 and those ofAvena sativa cv. Victory (Svalöf) as well as dry excised embryos ofTriticum aestivum cv. Rival (Svalöf) and those ofArachis hypogaea cv. 34 3A. H. were cultivated in media containing various concentrations of sucrose and growth regulators, like ascorbic acid, indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellin. Growth, differentiation and water uptake of the various explants were determined at regular time intervals. Further, the concentration of the endogenous ascorbic acid in mg./g. fresh weight, as well as the amount of this growth regulator utilized as per cent of the total were determined. Although all the three growth regulators promote growth in the explants, their effect is best felt when sucrose of a higher concentration (1.0 per cent) is added to the medium. In fact, the response to 1.0 per cent sucrose is sometimes as good as a combination of a growth regulator with sucrose, especially in the case of root explants. The results clearly indicate that the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid in the explants is catalyzed by the addition of indole-3-acetic acid as well as gibberellin. Simultaneously, the utilization of ascorbic acid is also appreciably increased by the presence of these growth regulators. Addition of 1.0 per cent sucrose to the medium containing the above mentioned growth regulators augments to a considerable extent not only the concentration of ascorbic acid, but also steps up its utilization. Enhancement of ascorbic acid as well as its increased utilization are correlated with rapid imbibition of water, growth and differentiation. The role of ascorbic acid in growth is discussed; and on the basis of the data presented here it is postulated that: (1) auxin and gibberellin function in the growth process by catalyzing the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid; and (2) that ascorbic acid not only participates in activation of various enzyme systems, but also stimulates the production of adenosine triphosphate by acting as an electron donor in photosynthetic phosphorylation as well as oxidative phosphorylation; (3) that the above action of ascorbic acid creates a favourable redox balance for synthesis of nucleic acids, proteins, enzymeproteins, and cell-wall constituents, thus enabling the processes of cell division and enlargement to proceed at a fast rate; and (4) that the relative rates of cell division and cell enlargement as well as “ageing” will determine the pattern of plant development.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid promoted explant growth, especially with 1.0 per cent sucrose.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivume2 - Treatment
- ascorbic acide1
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- promotee0
- Qualifier
- 1.0 per cente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although all the three growth regulators promote growth in the explants, their effect is best felt when sucrose of a higher concentration (1.0 per cent) is added to the medium.”
e1“like ascorbic acid, indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellin.”
e2“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
Indole-3-acetic acid promoted explant growth, especially with 1.0 per cent sucrose.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- indole-3-acetic acide1
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although all the three growth regulators promote growth in the explants, their effect is best felt when sucrose of a higher concentration (1.0 per cent) is added to the medium.”
e1“like ascorbic acid, indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellin.”
e2“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellin promoted explant growth, especially with 1.0 per cent sucrose.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- gibberelline1
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although all the three growth regulators promote growth in the explants, their effect is best felt when sucrose of a higher concentration (1.0 per cent) is added to the medium.”
e1“like ascorbic acid, indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellin.”
e2“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
One percent sucrose sometimes yielded a root explant response as good as regulator plus sucrose.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- root explantse0
- Treatment
- 1.0 per cent sucrosee0
- Outcome
- responsee0
- Direction
- as good ase0
- Comparator
- a combination of a growth regulator with sucrosee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the response to 1.0 per cent sucrose is sometimes as good as a combination of a growth regulator with sucrose, especially in the case of root explants.”
e1“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
Indole-3-acetic acid catalyzed ascorbic acid biosynthesis in explants.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- indole-3-acetic acide0
- Outcome
- biosynthesis of ascorbic acide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid in the explants is catalyzed by the addition of indole-3-acetic acid as well as gibberellin.”
e1“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
Gibberellin catalyzed ascorbic acid biosynthesis in explants.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- gibberelline0
- Outcome
- biosynthesis of ascorbic acide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid in the explants is catalyzed by the addition of indole-3-acetic acid as well as gibberellin.”
e1“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth regulators appreciably increased ascorbic acid utilization.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- these growth regulatorse0
- Outcome
- utilization of ascorbic acide0
- Direction
- appreciably increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the utilization of ascorbic acid is also appreciably increased by the presence of these growth regulators.”
e1“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding 1.0 per cent sucrose to regulator medium increased ascorbic acid concentration.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- 1.0 per cent sucrosee0
- Outcome
- concentration of ascorbic acide0
- Direction
- augmentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of 1.0 per cent sucrose to the medium containing the above mentioned growth regulators augments to a considerable extent not only the concentration of ascorbic acid, but also steps up its utilization.”
e1“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding 1.0 per cent sucrose to regulator medium increased ascorbic acid utilization.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- 1.0 per cent sucrosee0
- Outcome
- utilizatione0
- Direction
- steps upe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of 1.0 per cent sucrose to the medium containing the above mentioned growth regulators augments to a considerable extent not only the concentration of ascorbic acid, but also steps up its utilization.”
e1“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher ascorbic acid and its utilization were correlated with rapid water imbibition, growth, and differentiation.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Compound
- ascorbic acide0
- Outcome
- rapid imbibition of water, growth and differentiatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enhancement of ascorbic acid as well as its increased utilization are correlated with rapid imbibition of water, growth and differentiation.”
e1“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors postulate that auxin and gibberellin drive growth by catalyzing ascorbic acid biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- growth processe0
- Qualifier
- catalyzing the biosynthesis of ascorbic acide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“auxin and gibberellin function in the growth process by catalyzing the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid”
e1“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors postulate that ascorbic acid activates enzyme systems.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Compound
- ascorbic acide0
- Outcome
- activation of various enzyme systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ascorbic acid not only participates in activation of various enzyme systems”
e1“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors postulate that ascorbic acid stimulates ATP production as an electron donor in phosphorylation.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- production of adenosine triphosphatee0
- Qualifier
- acting as an electron donore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“stimulates the production of adenosine triphosphate by acting as an electron donor in photosynthetic phosphorylation as well as oxidative phosphorylation”
e1“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors postulate that ascorbic acid action promotes a redox balance enabling rapid cell division and enlargement.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- cell division and enlargement to proceed at a fast ratee0
- Qualifier
- favourable redox balancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the above action of ascorbic acid creates a favourable redox balance for synthesis of nucleic acids, proteins, enzymeproteins, and cell-wall constituents, thus enabling the processes of cell division and enlargement to proceed at a fast rate”
e1“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors postulate that relative rates of cell division, enlargement, and ageing determine plant development patterns.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- pattern of plant developmente0
- Qualifier
- relative rates of cell division and cell enlargement as well as “ageing”e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the relative rates of cell division and cell enlargement as well as “ageing” will determine the pattern of plant development.”
e1“Triticum aestivum cv. Arnej 624”
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See all 109 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.