Abstract
Abstract High N fertilizer and flooding irrigation applied to rice in anthropogenic‐alluvial soil often result in N leaching and low use efficiency of applied fertilizer N from the rice field in Ningxia irrigation region in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. Sound N management practices need to be established to improve N use efficiency while sustaining high grain yield levels and minimize fertilizer N loss to the environment. We investigated the effects of Nursery Box Total Fertilization technology (NBTF) on N leaching at different rice growing stages, N use efficiency and rice yield in 2010 and 2011. The four fertilizer N treatments were 300 kg N ha −1 (CU, Conventional treatment of urea at 300 kg N ha −1 ), 120 kg N ha −1 (NBTF120, NBTF treatment of controlled‐release N fertilizer at 120 kg N ha −1 ), 80 kgN ha −1 (NBTF80, NBTF treatment of controlled‐release N fertilizer at 80 kg N ha −1 ) and no N fertilizer application treatment (CK). The results showed that the NBTF120 treatment increased N use efficiency, maintained crop yields and substantially reduced N losses to the environment. Under the CU treatment, the rice yield was 9634 and 7098 kg ha −1 , the N use efficiency was 31·6% and 34·8% and the leaching losses of TN were 44·51 and 39·89 kg ha −1 ; NH 4 + ‐N was 5·26 and 5·49 kg ha −1 , and NO 3 − ‐N was 27·94 and 26·22 kg ha −1 during the rice whole growing period in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Compared with CU, NBTF120 significantly increased the N use efficiency and decreased the N losses from the paddy field. Under NBTF120, the N use efficiency was 56·3% and 51·4%, which was 24·7% and 16·6% higher than that of CU, and the conventional fertilizer application rate could be reduced by 60% without lowering the rice yield while decreasing the leaching losses of TN by 16·27 and 14·36 kg ha −1 , NH 4 + ‐N by 0·90 and 1·84 kg ha −1 , NO 3 − ‐N by 110·6 and 10·14 kg ha −1 in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Our results indicate that the CU treatment resulted in relatively high N leaching losses, and that alternative practice of NBTF which synchronized fertilizer application with crop demand substantially reduced these losses. We therefore suggest the NBTF120 be a fertilizer application alternative which leads to high food production but low environmental impact. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
NBTF120 increased nitrogen use efficiency versus conventional urea.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CU, NBTF120 significantly increased the N use efficiency”
t0“Riceland”
Claim · model-written summary
NBTF120 retained rice yield despite a 60% fertilizer rate reduction.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- conventional fertilizer application rate could be reduced by 60%e0
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Direction
- without loweringe0
- Value
- 60%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“conventional fertilizer application rate could be reduced by 60% without lowering the rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
NBTF120 reduced total nitrogen leaching by 16·27 and 14·36 kg per hectare in 2010 and 2011.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- NBTF120e1
- Outcome
- leaching losses of TNe0
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Value
- 16·27 and 14·36e0
- Comparator
- CUe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaching losses of TN by 16·27 and 14·36”
e1“Compared with CU, NBTF120 significantly increased the N use efficiency and decreased the N losses from the paddy field”
e2“without lowering the rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
NBTF120 reduced ammonium nitrogen leaching by 0·90 and 1·84 kg per hectare.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- NBTF120e1
- Outcome
- NH 4 + ‐Ne0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 0·90 and 1·84 kg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- CUe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NH 4 + ‐N by 0·90 and 1·84 kg ha −1”
e1“Compared with CU, NBTF120 significantly increased the N use efficiency and decreased the N losses from the paddy field”
e2“without lowering the rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
NBTF120 reduced nitrate nitrogen leaching by 110·6 and 10·14 kg per hectare.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- NBTF120e1
- Outcome
- NO 3 − ‐Ne0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 110·6 and 10·14 kg ha −1e0
- Comparator
- CUe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NO 3 − ‐N by 110·6 and 10·14 kg ha −1”
e1“Compared with CU, NBTF120 significantly increased the N use efficiency and decreased the N losses from the paddy field”
e2“without lowering the rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend NBTF120 as an alternative fertilizer practice.
Verbatim
e0“We therefore suggest the NBTF120 be a fertilizer application alternative which leads to high food production but low environmental impact”
t0“Riceland”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
3,182 papers in the same direction as this paper · 207 in the opposite direction · 65 reporting no difference from an alternative
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