Abstract
To ensure a successful long-term infection cycle, begomoviruses must restrain their destructive effect on host cells and prevent drastic plant responses, at least in the early stages of infection. The monopartite begomovirus Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) does not induce a hypersensitive response and cell death on whitefly-mediated infection of virus-susceptible tomato plants until diseased tomatoes become senescent. The way in which begomoviruses evade plant defences and interfere with cell death pathways is still poorly understood. We show that the chaperone HSP90 (heat shock protein 90) and its co-chaperone SGT1 (suppressor of the G2 allele of Skp1) are involved in the establishment of TYLCV infection. Inactivation of HSP90, as well as silencing of the Hsp90 and Sgt1 genes, leads to the accumulation of damaged ubiquitinated proteins and to a cell death phenotype. These effects are relieved under TYLCV infection. HSP90-dependent inactivation of 26S proteasome degradation and the transcriptional activation of the heat shock transcription factors HsfA2 and HsfB1 and of the downstream genes Hsp17 and Apx1/2 are suppressed in TYLCV-infected tomatoes. Following suppression of the plant stress response, TYLCV can replicate and accumulate in a permissive environment.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
HSP90 and SGT1 participate in establishment of TYLCV infection in tomato.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Interactor
- TYLCVTomato yellow leaf curl viruse0pathogen
- Gene
- HSP90e0
- Outcome
- establishment of TYLCV infectione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the chaperone HSP90 (heat shock protein 90) and its co-chaperone SGT1 (suppressor of the G2 allele of Skp1) are involved in the establishment of TYLCV infection”
t0“Tomato plant”
Claim · model-written summary
HSP90 inactivation caused damaged ubiquitinated proteins to accumulate in tomato.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Inactivation of HSP90e0
- Gene
- HSP90e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of damaged ubiquitinated proteinse0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inactivation of HSP90, as well as silencing of the Hsp90 and Sgt1 genes, leads to the accumulation of damaged ubiquitinated proteins”
t0“Tomato plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing Hsp90 and Sgt1 caused damaged ubiquitinated proteins to accumulate in tomato.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- silencing of the Hsp90 and Sgt1 genese0
- Gene
- Hsp90 and Sgt1 genese0
- Outcome
- accumulation of damaged ubiquitinated proteinse0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“silencing of the Hsp90 and Sgt1 genes, leads to the accumulation of damaged ubiquitinated proteins”
t0“Tomato plant”
Claim · model-written summary
HSP90 inactivation caused a cell death phenotype in tomato.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Inactivation of HSP90e0
- Gene
- HSP90e0
- Outcome
- cell death phenotypee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inactivation of HSP90, as well as silencing of the Hsp90 and Sgt1 genes, leads to the accumulation of damaged ubiquitinated proteins and to a cell death phenotype”
t0“Tomato plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing Hsp90 and Sgt1 caused a cell death phenotype in tomato.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- silencing of the Hsp90 and Sgt1 genese0
- Gene
- Hsp90 and Sgt1 genese0
- Outcome
- cell death phenotypee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“silencing of the Hsp90 and Sgt1 genes, leads to the accumulation of damaged ubiquitinated proteins and to a cell death phenotype”
t0“Tomato plant”
Claim · model-written summary
TYLCV infection relieved the accumulation of damaged ubiquitinated proteins and cell death effects in tomato.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- TYLCV infectione0
- Interactor
- TYLCVTomato yellow leaf curl viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- accumulation of damaged ubiquitinated proteins and to a cell death phenotypee1
- Direction
- relievede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These effects are relieved under TYLCV infection”
e1“accumulation of damaged ubiquitinated proteins and to a cell death phenotype”
t0“Tomato plant”
Claim · model-written summary
TYLCV infection suppressed HSP90-dependent inactivation of 26S proteasome degradation.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- TYLCV-infectede0
- Interactor
- TYLCVTomato yellow leaf curl viruse0pathogen
- Gene
- HSP90e0
- Outcome
- HSP90-dependent inactivation of 26S proteasome degradatione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HSP90-dependent inactivation of 26S proteasome degradation and the transcriptional activation of the heat shock transcription factors HsfA2 and HsfB1 and of the downstream genes Hsp17 and Apx1/2 are suppressed in TYLCV-infected tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
TYLCV infection suppressed transcriptional activation of HsfA2 and HsfB1 in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- TYLCV-infectede0
- Interactor
- TYLCVTomato yellow leaf curl viruse0pathogen
- Gene
- HsfA2 and HsfB1e0
- Outcome
- transcriptional activatione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the transcriptional activation of the heat shock transcription factors HsfA2 and HsfB1 and of the downstream genes Hsp17 and Apx1/2 are suppressed in TYLCV-infected tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
TYLCV infection suppressed transcriptional activation of Hsp17 and Apx1/2 in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- TYLCV-infectede0
- Interactor
- TYLCVTomato yellow leaf curl viruse0pathogen
- Gene
- Hsp17 and Apx1/2e0
- Outcome
- transcriptional activatione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the transcriptional activation of the heat shock transcription factors HsfA2 and HsfB1 and of the downstream genes Hsp17 and Apx1/2 are suppressed in TYLCV-infected tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that suppressing the tomato stress response permits TYLCV replication and accumulation.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- TYLCVTomato yellow leaf curl viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- TYLCV can replicate and accumulatee0
- Qualifier
- suppression of the plant stress responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Following suppression of the plant stress response, TYLCV can replicate and accumulate in a permissive environment”
t0“Tomato plant”
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