Abstract
Experiments were conducted from 1994 through 1996 to determine the effect timing of malathion applications have on cotton response relative to postemergence applications of pyrithiobac. Treatments were initiated approximately 1 mo after planting (four to six leaves) and included pyrithiobac at 70 g ae/ha applied alone or in combination or with malathion applied at 1 or 3 d before and at 1 or 3 d after pyrithiobac. At 7 d after treatment (DAT), pyrithiobac plus malathion applied in combination caused 34, 28, and 21% cotton injury in 1994, 1995, and 1996, respectively. Malathion applied 1 d before pyrithiobac resulted in 18% injury in 1994, 11% in 1995, and 15% injury in 1996, whereas malathion applied 1 d after pyrithiobac injured cotton 15 and 11% in 1994 and 1996, respectively. Injury of cotton subjected to malathion applied 3 d before pyrithiobac was not different from pyrithiobac applied alone. When malathion was applied 3 d after pyrithiobac, injury occurred only in 1995. At 14 and 21 DAT, the combination of pyrithiobac plus malathion caused the most cotton injury. Seed cotton yield was not adversely affected by any treatment when compared with pyrithiobac applied alone.Nomenclature: Malathion, O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate of diethyl mercaptosuccinate; pyrithiobac; cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘DES 119’, ‘DPL 50’.Additional index words: Crop injury, insecticide, interaction, pesticide, timing.Abbreviations: DAT, days after treatment; POST, postemergence; PRE, preemergence.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Combined pyrithiobac and malathion caused 34% cotton injury in 1994 at 7 DAT.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- pyrithiobac plus malathion applied in combinatione0
- Outcome
- cotton injurye0
- Value
- 34e0
- Qualifier
- 1994e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 7 d after treatment (DAT), pyrithiobac plus malathion applied in combination caused 34, 28, and 21% cotton injury in 1994, 1995, and 1996, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined pyrithiobac and malathion caused 28% cotton injury in 1995 at 7 DAT.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- pyrithiobac plus malathion applied in combinatione0
- Outcome
- cotton injurye0
- Value
- 28e0
- Qualifier
- 1995e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 7 d after treatment (DAT), pyrithiobac plus malathion applied in combination caused 34, 28, and 21% cotton injury in 1994, 1995, and 1996, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined pyrithiobac and malathion caused 21% cotton injury in 1996 at 7 DAT.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- pyrithiobac plus malathion applied in combinatione0
- Outcome
- cotton injurye0
- Value
- 21%e0
- Qualifier
- 1996e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 7 d after treatment (DAT), pyrithiobac plus malathion applied in combination caused 34, 28, and 21% cotton injury in 1994, 1995, and 1996, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Malathion one day before pyrithiobac caused 18% cotton injury in 1994.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Malathion applied 1 d before pyrithiobace0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Value
- 18%e0
- Qualifier
- 1994e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Malathion applied 1 d before pyrithiobac resulted in 18% injury in 1994”
t0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Malathion one day before pyrithiobac caused 11% cotton injury in 1995.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Malathion applied 1 d before pyrithiobace0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Value
- 11%e0
- Qualifier
- 1995e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Malathion applied 1 d before pyrithiobac resulted in 18% injury in 1994, 11% in 1995”
t0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Malathion one day before pyrithiobac caused 15% cotton injury in 1996.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Malathion applied 1 d before pyrithiobace0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Value
- 15%e0
- Qualifier
- 1996e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Malathion applied 1 d before pyrithiobac resulted in 18% injury in 1994, 11% in 1995, and 15% injury in 1996”
t0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Malathion one day after pyrithiobac injured cotton 15% in 1994.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- malathion applied 1 d after pyrithiobace0
- Outcome
- injured cottone0
- Value
- 15e0
- Qualifier
- 1994e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“malathion applied 1 d after pyrithiobac injured cotton 15 and 11% in 1994 and 1996, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Malathion one day after pyrithiobac injured cotton 11% in 1996.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- malathion applied 1 d after pyrithiobace0
- Outcome
- injured cottone0
- Value
- 11%e0
- Qualifier
- 1996e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“malathion applied 1 d after pyrithiobac injured cotton 15 and 11% in 1994 and 1996, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Malathion three days before pyrithiobac caused injury no different from pyrithiobac alone.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- malathion applied 3 d before pyrithiobace0
- Outcome
- Injury of cottone0
- Direction
- not differente0
- Comparator
- pyrithiobac applied alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Injury of cotton subjected to malathion applied 3 d before pyrithiobac was not different from pyrithiobac applied alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Malathion three days after pyrithiobac caused injury only in 1995.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- malathion was applied 3 d after pyrithiobace0
- Outcome
- injury occurred only in 1995e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When malathion was applied 3 d after pyrithiobac, injury occurred only in 1995”
t0“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination caused the most cotton injury at 14 and 21 DAT.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- combination of pyrithiobac plus malathione0
- Outcome
- cotton injurye0
- Direction
- moste0
- Qualifier
- 14 and 21 DATe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 14 and 21 DAT, the combination of pyrithiobac plus malathion caused the most cotton injury”
Claim · model-written summary
No treatment adversely affected seed cotton yield compared with pyrithiobac alone.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- any treatmente0
- Outcome
- Seed cotton yielde0
- Direction
- not adversely affectede0
- Comparator
- pyrithiobac applied alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed cotton yield was not adversely affected by any treatment when compared with pyrithiobac applied alone”
The same questions in other papers
malathion · crop injury · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.