Abstract
It is well known from earlier work that water stress and salinity results in depressed plant growth and high fruit quality of tomato (e.g. increased sugar and acid levels), but generally is associated with a low marketable fruit yield. In the present work we investigated whether even a small reduction in water supply (without visible symptoms of water stress) also results in a high fruit quality together with high marketable fruit proportions. To characterize fruit quality sugars (glucose and fructose), titratable acids, odour-active aroma volatiles and vitamin C were investigated. Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Vanessa) were grown in soil and with the onset of fruit development water supply was varied (70% and 50% water capacity). In the treatment with lower water supply plant growth, and in particular the number of fruit settings were depressed and the sugar and vitamin C concentrations in the fruits were significantly increased, especially during fruit ripening. Furthermore, with lower water supply the concentrations of titratable acids and of C6 aldehydes (hexanal, (Z)-3-hexenal and (E)-2-hexenal) were significantly increased in the red fruits. Fruit growth was identical in both treatments. The higher levels of sugars, titratable acids, aroma volatiles and vitamin C are responsible for the higher fruit quality under conditions of lower water supply. Since not all fruits of the well watered plants became mature, the marketable yield in both treatments was rather similar and hence, together with a higher fruit quality in the treatment with lower water supply, high proportions of marketable fruits can be harvested. Einfluß einer unterschiedlichen Wasserversorgung auf das Pflanzenwachstum und die Fruchtqualität von Lycopersicon esculentum Es ist durch andere Arbeiten bekannt, dass Wasserstress und Salinität zu einem gehemmten Pflanzenwachstum und hoher Fruchtqualität bei Tomaten (z. B. erhöhten Zucker- und Säurengehalten) führen; allerdings ist der marktfähige Fruchtertrag im allgemeinen reduziert. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde untersucht, ob bereits eine geringfügige Einschränkung der Wasserzufuhr (ohne sichtbare Symptome von Wasserstress) ebenfalls zu einer hohen Fruchtqualität bei gleichzeitig hohem marktfähigen Fruchtertrag führt. Zur Charakterisierung der Fruchtqualität wurden Zucker (Glukose und Fruktose), titrierbare Säuren, flüchtige Aromastoffe und Vitamin C untersucht. Tomatenpflanzen (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Vanessa) wurden im Boden mit Beginn der Fruchtentwicklung bei optimaler und eingeschränkter Wasserversorgung (70% und 50% Wasserkapazität) angezogen. Bei geringerer Wasserversorgung war das Pflanzenwachstum und insbesondere die Zahl der Fruchtstände erniedrigt und die Konzentrationen an Zuckern wie auch an Vitamin C in den Früchten waren signifikant erhöht, und zwar insbesondere zur Reife. Darüberhinaus war bei reduzierter Wasserzufuhr in den reifen Früchten die Konzentration der titrierbaren Säuren und der C6-Aldehyde (Hexanal, (Z)-3-Hexenal und (E)-2-Hexenal) signifikant erhöht. Das Fruchtwachstum war durch die unterschiedliche Wasserzufuhr nicht beeinflusst. Die höheren Konzentrationen an Zuckern, titrierbaren Säuren, an flüchtigen Aromastoffen und an Vitamin C sind für die höhere Fruchtqualität bei geringerer Wasserversorgung verantwortlich. Da nicht alle Früchte in der gut gewässerten Variante zur Ausreife gelangten, war der marktfähige Ertrag bei beiden Wasserstufen praktisch identisch, so dass also in der weniger gewässerten Variante qualitativ höherwertige Früchte ohne Ertragsdepression geerntet werden konnten.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Lower water supply depressed tomato plant growth relative to 70% water capacity.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Material
- cv Vanessae0
- Treatment
- lower water supplye1
- Outcome
- plant growthe1
- Direction
- were depressede1
- Comparator
- 70%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Vanessa) were grown in soil and with the onset of fruit development water supply was varied (70% and 50% water capacity)”
e1“In the treatment with lower water supply plant growth, and in particular the number of fruit settings were depressed”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower water supply depressed the number of tomato fruit settings relative to 70% water capacity.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- lower water supplye1
- Outcome
- number of fruit settingse1
- Direction
- were depressede1
- Comparator
- 70%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Vanessa) were grown in soil and with the onset of fruit development water supply was varied (70% and 50% water capacity)”
e1“In the treatment with lower water supply plant growth, and in particular the number of fruit settings were depressed”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower water supply significantly increased sugar and vitamin C concentrations in tomato fruits, especially during ripening.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- lower water supplye1
- Outcome
- sugar and vitamin C concentrationse2
- Direction
- significantly increasede2
- Comparator
- 70%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Vanessa) were grown in soil and with the onset of fruit development water supply was varied (70% and 50% water capacity)”
e1“In the treatment with lower water supply plant growth, and in particular the number of fruit settings were depressed”
e2“the sugar and vitamin C concentrations in the fruits were significantly increased, especially during fruit ripening”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower water supply significantly increased titratable acids in red tomato fruits.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- lower water supplye1
- Outcome
- titratable acidse1
- Direction
- were significantly increasede1
- Comparator
- 70%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Vanessa) were grown in soil and with the onset of fruit development water supply was varied (70% and 50% water capacity)”
e1“Furthermore, with lower water supply the concentrations of titratable acids and of C6 aldehydes (hexanal, (Z)-3-hexenal and (E)-2-hexenal) were significantly increased in the red fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower water supply significantly increased C6 aldehydes in red tomato fruits.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- lower water supplye1
- Outcome
- C6 aldehydese1
- Direction
- were significantly increasede1
- Comparator
- 70%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Vanessa) were grown in soil and with the onset of fruit development water supply was varied (70% and 50% water capacity)”
e1“Furthermore, with lower water supply the concentrations of titratable acids and of C6 aldehydes (hexanal, (Z)-3-hexenal and (E)-2-hexenal) were significantly increased in the red fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit growth was identical under lower and 70% water supply.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- lower water supplye1
- Outcome
- Fruit growthe2
- Direction
- identicale2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Vanessa) were grown in soil and with the onset of fruit development water supply was varied (70% and 50% water capacity)”
e1“In the treatment with lower water supply plant growth, and in particular the number of fruit settings were depressed”
e2“Fruit growth was identical in both treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher levels of sugars, titratable acids, aroma volatiles and vitamin C are responsible for the higher fruit quality under lower water supply.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Compound
- sugarse1
- Outcome
- higher fruit qualitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Vanessa) were grown in soil and with the onset of fruit development water supply was varied (70% and 50% water capacity)”
e1“The higher levels of sugars, titratable acids, aroma volatiles and vitamin C are responsible for the higher fruit quality under conditions of lower water supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Marketable yield was rather similar in tomato under both water supply treatments.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- lower water supplye1
- Outcome
- marketable yielde2
- Qualifier
- rather similare2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Vanessa) were grown in soil and with the onset of fruit development water supply was varied (70% and 50% water capacity)”
e1“In the treatment with lower water supply plant growth, and in particular the number of fruit settings were depressed”
e2“the marketable yield in both treatments was rather similar”
Claim · model-written summary
With lower water supply, high proportions of marketable tomato fruits can be harvested together with higher fruit quality.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- lower water supplye1
- Outcome
- high proportions of marketable fruitse1
- Qualifier
- together with a higher fruit qualitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Vanessa) were grown in soil and with the onset of fruit development water supply was varied (70% and 50% water capacity)”
e1“together with a higher fruit quality in the treatment with lower water supply, high proportions of marketable fruits can be harvested”
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See all 175 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.