Abstract
Abstract Complexation of aluminum (Al) with silicon (Si) has been attributed as a mechanism of Si induced alleviation of Al toxicity to plants. Effects of various concentrations of Si (0, 534, 1068, or 1602 μM) on root growth of two sorghum cultivar seedlings (NB9040 and Martin) was evaluated in nutrient solutions containing 0 or 296 uM Al. Three experiments were conducted with variation in the sequence of pH adjustment of the solution, and addition of Al and Si stock solutions. In solutions containing 296 μM Al with no Si, growth of sorghum seedlings was significantly decreased as compared to that of the seedlings grown in solutions containing 0 Al. Root growth of seedlings of both cultivars in solutions containing 296 μM Al improved significantly with increasing concentrations of Si, but only when Al was added to the basal nutrient solution following the addition of Si without lowering the solution pH. Addition of Si to the basal nutrient solution increased the pH ≥ 10.0, which facilitated precipitation of Al, thus decreasing its toxicity. If the solution pH was lowered to 4.0 following the addition of Si, prior to the addition of Al, the toxicity of Al was least influenced by the presence of Si in solution within the range of 534 to 1602 μM. Silicon‐induced alleviation of Al toxicity appears to be due to pH effects and not the direct effects of Si on Al in solutions.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminum reduced sorghum seedling growth relative to zero aluminum.
- Treatment
- 296 μM Al with no Sie0
- Outcome
- growth of sorghum seedlingse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- 0 Ale0
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In solutions containing 296 μM Al with no Si, growth of sorghum seedlings was significantly decreased as compared to that of the seedlings grown in solutions containing 0 Al”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing silicon significantly improved root growth under aluminum only with silicon added first and without lowering pH.
- Treatment
- increasing concentrations of Sie0
- Outcome
- Root growth of seedlings of both cultivarse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- only when Al was added to the basal nutrient solution following the addition of Si without lowering the solution pHe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root growth of seedlings of both cultivars in solutions containing 296 μM Al improved significantly with increasing concentrations of Si, but only when Al was added to the basal nutrient solution following the addition of Si without lowering the solution pH”
t0“growth of sorghum seedlings was significantly decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding silicon raised nutrient solution pH to at least 10.0.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Addition of Si to the basal nutrient solution increased the pH ≥ 10.0”
t0“growth of sorghum seedlings was significantly decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised pH facilitated aluminum precipitation and reduced its toxicity.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased the pH ≥ 10.0, which facilitated precipitation of Al, thus decreasing its toxicity”
t0“growth of sorghum seedlings was significantly decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
When solution pH was lowered to 4.0 before aluminum addition, silicon least influenced aluminum toxicity.
- Treatment
- presence of Sie0
- Outcome
- toxicity of Ale0
- Direction
- least influencede0
- Qualifier
- solution pH was lowered to 4.0 following the addition of Si, prior to the addition of Ale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“If the solution pH was lowered to 4.0 following the addition of Si, prior to the addition of Al, the toxicity of Al was least influenced by the presence of Si in solution within the range of 534 to 1602 μM”
t0“growth of sorghum seedlings was significantly decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors attribute silicon alleviation of aluminum toxicity to pH effects.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silicon‐induced alleviation of Al toxicity appears to be due to pH effects”
t0“growth of sorghum seedlings was significantly decreased”
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