Abstract
Ideal soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production systems achieve both high seed yield and high concentrations of desired seed quality components. However, the relationships between seed quality and yield of soybean are largely unknown. This study sought to determine the relationships of isoflavone, oil, and protein with seed yield of soybean across a wide range of yield levels. Field experiments involving soybean response to K fertilizer applications in alternate tillage and soybean row‐width treatments were conducted at five locations in Ontario, Canada, from 1998 through 2000. Soybean yield and the concentrations and yields of oil, protein, daidzein, genistein, glycitein, and total isoflavone in seed were determined from a total of 13 trials. Oil concentration in seed decreased 4.2 g kg −1 with each megagram per hectare of increased seed yield. The relationship between protein concentration and seed yield was not significant. Concentrations of daidzein, glycitein, genistein, and total isoflavone increased by 249, 11, 164, and 427 mg kg −1 with each megagram per hectare of increased seed yield. Overall, oil and protein concentrations were much less responsive to seed yield increases compared with individual and total isoflavone concentrations. Daidzein was the most variable and glycitein the most stable isoflavone component. In addition, yields of individual and total isoflavones, and yields of oil and protein, were all positively related to seed yield. Our results suggest that high soybean seed yield can be accompanied by high concentrations of isoflavones without any substantial declines in oil and protein concentrations.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Seed oil concentration decreased 4.2 g kg −1 per megagram per hectare of seed yield increase.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Outcome
- Oil concentration in seede0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 4.2 g kg −1e0
- Comparator
- seed yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Oil concentration in seed decreased 4.2 g kg −1 with each megagram per hectare of increased seed yield.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein concentration was not significantly related to seed yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- protein concentratione0
- Comparator
- seed yielde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The relationship between protein concentration and seed yield was not significant.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Daidzein concentration increased 249 mg kg −1 per megagram per hectare of yield increase.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Concentrations of daidzeine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 249e0
- Comparator
- seed yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of daidzein, glycitein, genistein, and total isoflavone increased by 249, 11, 164, and 427 mg kg −1 with each megagram per hectare of increased seed yield.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycitein concentration increased 11 mg kg −1 per megagram per hectare of yield increase.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of daidzein, glycitein, genistein, and total isoflavone increased by 249, 11, 164, and 427 mg kg −1 with each megagram per hectare of increased seed yield.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Genistein concentration increased 164 mg kg −1 per megagram per hectare of yield increase.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of daidzein, glycitein, genistein, and total isoflavone increased by 249, 11, 164, and 427 mg kg −1 with each megagram per hectare of increased seed yield.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Total isoflavone concentration increased 427 mg kg −1 per megagram per hectare of yield increase.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- total isoflavonee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 427 mg kg −1e0
- Comparator
- seed yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of daidzein, glycitein, genistein, and total isoflavone increased by 249, 11, 164, and 427 mg kg −1 with each megagram per hectare of increased seed yield.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil and protein concentrations responded less to yield increases than isoflavone concentrations.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- oil and protein concentrationse0
- Direction
- less responsivee0
- Comparator
- individual and total isoflavone concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, oil and protein concentrations were much less responsive to seed yield increases compared with individual and total isoflavone concentrations.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Daidzein was the most variable isoflavone component.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Daidzein was the most variablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Daidzein was the most variable and glycitein the most stable isoflavone component.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Glycitein was the most stable isoflavone component.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- glycitein the most stablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Daidzein was the most variable and glycitein the most stable isoflavone component.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual and total isoflavone yields increased with seed yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- yields of individual and total isoflavonese0
- Direction
- positively relatede0
- Comparator
- seed yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yields of individual and total isoflavones, and yields of oil and protein, were all positively related to seed yield.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil and protein yields increased with seed yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- yields of oil and proteine0
- Direction
- positively relatede0
- Comparator
- seed yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yields of individual and total isoflavones, and yields of oil and protein, were all positively related to seed yield.”
t0“Soybean”