Abstract
Abstract Dynamics of inorganic soil nitrogen during spring and its importance for N‐fertilizer management in cultivation of sugar beets High sugar yield depends very much upon application of the correct dose of nitrogen fertilizer. To determine fertilizer needs in sugar beet cultivation two methods – N min and EUF – are discussed at present. Both methods are criticized not to be able to take into account the amount of soil nitrogen which becomes available between the early date of soil analysis and actual nutrient uptake in the sugar beet stands. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of varying N‐mineralisation rates on growth and yield of sugar beets and corresponding changes in N‐fertilizer requirements. The differences in soil nitrate content in February showed no relation to the amount on N available during the early vegetation period. Therefore very low correlation coefficients were observed between soil nitrate content in early spring (February/March) and sugar yield (R 2 > 0.2). However highly significant correlation coefficients were obtained for NO 3 ‐N‐content in April/May in the 0—60 cm soil layer and sugar yield (R 2 = 0.62—0.78). Maximum sugar yield was obtained with 220 kg N/ha soil nitrat content in April/May in 0—‐60 cm. A wide N‐optimum range for maximal sugar yield was observed. Deviations less than 50 kg N/ha from the optimal N amount caused no significant changes in sugar yield. Higher amounts of late available nitrogen deposited at greater soil depths caused a decrease in sugar content and an increase in alpha‐amino‐N and sodium. Early applications of nitrogen fertilizer (before sowing) are endangered to be leached to lower depths with heavy rain falls and therefore may cause detrimental effects on juice purity and sugar content. For obtaining maximal sugar yield it is recommended to apply N‐fertilizer 1 or 2 weeks after and not before seeding. Related to the wide optimum of N‐requirement ist seems possible to determine the use of Nitrogen fertilizer according to local experience. In special cases (slurry, tillage of wet soils, preceeding vegetables or legumes) it is suggested to determine NO 3 ‐N‐content in April (0—60 cm) and to apply nitrogen fertilizer supplementary to 220 kg N/ha.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
February soil nitrate did not predict nitrogen available in early vegetation.
- Taxon
- sugar beets
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1 - Outcome
- N available during the early vegetation periode0
- Qualifier
- soil nitrate contente0
- Setting
- Februarye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The differences in soil nitrate content in February showed no relation to the amount on N available during the early vegetation period”
e1“growth and yield of sugar beets”
Claim · model-written summary
Early spring soil nitrate had very low correlation with sugar yield.
- Taxon
- sugar beetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Outcome
- sugar yielde0
- Value
- R 2 > 0.2e0
- Qualifier
- soil nitrate contente0
- Setting
- early spring (February/March)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“very low correlation coefficients were observed between soil nitrate content in early spring (February/March) and sugar yield (R 2 > 0.2)”
e1“growth and yield of sugar beets”
Claim · model-written summary
April/May nitrate in the upper soil layer correlated highly significantly with sugar yield.
- Taxon
- sugar beetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Outcome
- sugar yielde0
- Value
- R 2 = 0.62—0.78e0
- Qualifier
- NO 3 ‐N‐content in April/May in the 0—60 cm soil layere0
- Setting
- 0—60 cm soil layere0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highly significant correlation coefficients were obtained for NO 3 ‐N‐content in April/May in the 0—60 cm soil layer and sugar yield (R 2 = 0.62—0.78)”
e1“growth and yield of sugar beets”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum sugar yield occurred with 220 kg N/ha April/May soil nitrate.
- Taxon
- sugar beetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Outcome
- sugar yielde0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 220 kg N/hae0
- Qualifier
- soil nitrat content in April/May in 0—‐60 cme0
- Setting
- April/Maye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum sugar yield was obtained with 220 kg N/ha soil nitrat content in April/May in 0—‐60 cm”
e1“growth and yield of sugar beets”
Claim · model-written summary
Sugar yield had a wide nitrogen optimum range.
- Taxon
- sugar beetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Outcome
- N‐optimum range for maximal sugar yielde0
- Direction
- widee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A wide N‐optimum range for maximal sugar yield was observed”
e1“growth and yield of sugar beets”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen deviations below 50 kg N/ha from optimum did not significantly change sugar yield.
- Taxon
- sugar beetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Treatment
- Deviations less than 50 kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- sugar yielde0
- Direction
- no significant changese0
- Comparator
- optimal N amounte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Deviations less than 50 kg N/ha from the optimal N amount caused no significant changes in sugar yield”
e1“growth and yield of sugar beets”
Claim · model-written summary
More late-available deep nitrogen decreased sugar content.
- Taxon
- sugar beetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Outcome
- sugar contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- late available nitrogen deposited at greater soil depthse0
- Setting
- greater soil depthse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher amounts of late available nitrogen deposited at greater soil depths caused a decrease in sugar content”
e1“growth and yield of sugar beets”
Claim · model-written summary
More late-available deep nitrogen increased alpha-amino-N.
- Taxon
- sugar beetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Outcome
- alpha‐amino‐Ne0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- late available nitrogen deposited at greater soil depthse0
- Setting
- greater soil depthse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher amounts of late available nitrogen deposited at greater soil depths caused a decrease in sugar content and an increase in alpha‐amino‐N and sodium”
e1“growth and yield of sugar beets”
Claim · model-written summary
More late-available deep nitrogen increased sodium.
- Taxon
- sugar beetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Outcome
- sodiume0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- late available nitrogen deposited at greater soil depthse0
- Setting
- greater soil depthse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher amounts of late available nitrogen deposited at greater soil depths caused a decrease in sugar content and an increase in alpha‐amino‐N and sodium”
e1“growth and yield of sugar beets”
Claim · model-written summary
Early nitrogen application may leach under heavy rain and harm juice purity and sugar content.
- Taxon
- sugar beetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Treatment
- Early applications of nitrogen fertilizer (before sowing)e0
- Outcome
- juice purity and sugar contente0
- Qualifier
- heavy rain fallse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Early applications of nitrogen fertilizer (before sowing) are endangered to be leached to lower depths with heavy rain falls and therefore may cause detrimental effects on juice purity and sugar content”
e1“growth and yield of sugar beets”
Claim · model-written summary
Apply nitrogen one or two weeks after seeding for maximum sugar yield.
- Taxon
- sugar beetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Outcome
- apply N‐fertilizer 1 or 2 weeks after and not before seedinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For obtaining maximal sugar yield it is recommended to apply N‐fertilizer 1 or 2 weeks after and not before seeding”
e1“growth and yield of sugar beets”
Claim · model-written summary
Local experience may suffice to set nitrogen fertilizer because of the wide optimum.
- Taxon
- sugar beetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Outcome
- determine the use of Nitrogen fertilizer according to local experiencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ist seems possible to determine the use of Nitrogen fertilizer according to local experience”
e1“growth and yield of sugar beets”
Claim · model-written summary
In special cases measure April soil nitrate and supplement fertilizer to 220 kg N/ha.
- Taxon
- sugar beetsBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise1
- Outcome
- determine NO 3 ‐N‐content in April (0—60 cm) and to apply nitrogen fertilizer supplementary to 220 kg N/hae0
- Qualifier
- slurry, tillage of wet soils, preceeding vegetables or legumese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In special cases (slurry, tillage of wet soils, preceeding vegetables or legumes) it is suggested to determine NO 3 ‐N‐content in April (0—60 cm) and to apply nitrogen fertilizer supplementary to 220 kg N/ha”
e1“growth and yield of sugar beets”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · quality: sugar starch · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results differ
36 papers in the same direction as this paper · 66 in the opposite direction
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- positive
- positive
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