Abstract
Abstract Recently there has been renewed interest in foliar fertilization of field crops, but little work with foliar application of nutrients on corn ( Zea mays L.) during the grain filling period has been reported. This study was conducted to observe the effect of foliar fertilizer on corn grain yield, yield components, and nutrient content in the grain at harvest, while plants were subjected to moisture stress imposed after silking in one, two, or three successive stress periods. Experiments were conducted in the movable rain shelter facility at Ames, Ia., in 1976 and 1977. In this facility corn plants were grown in containers containing 100 liters of a Nicollet loam soil (an Aquic Hapludoll, fine‐loamy mixed mesic). Foliar fertilizer was applied three times in the post‐silking period with a pressurized hand sprayer. In 1976, foliar fertilizer application commenced 4 weeks after silking, and no significant effect of foliar fertilizer on yield, or yield components was measured. In 1977, foliar‐fertilizer application commenced as early as 2 weeks after silking, and a significant, 6.4% yield reduction occurred in foliar‐fertilizer treatments. This decrease occurred in both hybrids used and in all moisture‐stress treatments. There was no evidence for an interaction between post‐silking moisture stress and foliar‐fertilizer application. In 1977, the effect of foliar fertilizer was to reduce mass/kernel in one hybrid, while in the other, neither mean mass/kernal nor kernels/plant were significantly reduced, but total grain yield was reduced. This difference was related to the number of days after silking when foliar fertilizer was first applied. Foliar fertilizer seemingly produced a stress on these plants, and the deleterious effect of this stress was expressed by the yield component being primarily determined at the time the stress occurred. Foliar fertilizer applications resulted in a significant increase in the percent N (10%) and in the percent P (4.7%) in the grain at harvest. There was, also, an increase in N yield (5.1%) in the grain despite a grain yield decrease in one hybrid.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar fertilizer applied from 2 weeks after silking reduced corn grain yield by 6.4% in 1977.
- Treatment
- foliar‐fertilizer applicatione2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- reductione2
- Value
- 6.4%e2
- Setting
- Ames, Ia.e3
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of nutrients on corn ( Zea mays L.) during the grain filling period”
e2“In 1977, foliar‐fertilizer application commenced as early as 2 weeks after silking, and a significant, 6.4% yield reduction occurred in foliar‐fertilizer treatments”
e3“Experiments were conducted in the movable rain shelter facility at Ames, Ia., in 1976 and 1977”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar fertilizer applied from 4 weeks after silking had no significant effect on corn grain yield or yield components in 1976.
- Treatment
- foliar fertilizer application commenced 4 weeks after silkinge1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of nutrients on corn ( Zea mays L.) during the grain filling period”
e1“In 1976, foliar fertilizer application commenced 4 weeks after silking, and no significant effect of foliar fertilizer on yield, or yield components was measured”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar fertilizer reduced mass per kernel in one corn hybrid in 1977.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of nutrients on corn ( Zea mays L.) during the grain filling period”
e4“the effect of foliar fertilizer was to reduce mass/kernel in one hybrid, while in the other, neither mean mass/kernal nor kernels/plant were significantly reduced, but total grain yield was reduced”
Claim · model-written summary
In the other corn hybrid, mean mass per kernel and kernels per plant were not significantly changed by foliar fertilizer in 1977.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of nutrients on corn ( Zea mays L.) during the grain filling period”
e4“the effect of foliar fertilizer was to reduce mass/kernel in one hybrid, while in the other, neither mean mass/kernal nor kernels/plant were significantly reduced, but total grain yield was reduced”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar fertilizer reduced total grain yield in one corn hybrid.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of nutrients on corn ( Zea mays L.) during the grain filling period”
e4“the effect of foliar fertilizer was to reduce mass/kernel in one hybrid, while in the other, neither mean mass/kernal nor kernels/plant were significantly reduced, but total grain yield was reduced”
Claim · model-written summary
The difference in foliar fertilizer response between corn hybrids is related to the number of days after silking when the fertilizer was first applied.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of nutrients on corn ( Zea mays L.) during the grain filling period”
e5“This difference was related to the number of days after silking when foliar fertilizer was first applied”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar fertilizer seemingly produced a stress on corn plants, and the stress was expressed through yield components determined when it occurred.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of nutrients on corn ( Zea mays L.) during the grain filling period”
e6“Foliar fertilizer seemingly produced a stress on these plants, and the deleterious effect of this stress was expressed by the yield component being primarily determined at the time the stress occurred”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar fertilizer applications increased the nitrogen content (10%) of corn grain at harvest.
- Organ / stage
- graine7
- Treatment
- Foliar fertilizer applicationse7
- Outcome
- percent Ne7
- Direction
- increasee7
- Value
- 10%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of nutrients on corn ( Zea mays L.) during the grain filling period”
e7“Foliar fertilizer applications resulted in a significant increase in the percent N (10%) and in the percent P (4.7%) in the grain at harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar fertilizer applications increased the phosphorus content (4.7%) of corn grain at harvest.
- Organ / stage
- graine7
- Treatment
- Foliar fertilizer applicationse7
- Outcome
- percent Pe7
- Direction
- increasee7
- Value
- 4.7%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of nutrients on corn ( Zea mays L.) during the grain filling period”
e7“Foliar fertilizer applications resulted in a significant increase in the percent N (10%) and in the percent P (4.7%) in the grain at harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar fertilizer increased corn grain N yield (5.1%) despite a grain yield decrease in one hybrid.
- Organ / stage
- graine1
- Treatment
- Foliar fertilizere2
- Outcome
- N yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 5.1%e1
- Qualifier
- despite a grain yield decrease in one hybride1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of nutrients on corn ( Zea mays L.) during the grain filling period”
e1“There was, also, an increase in N yield (5.1%) in the grain despite a grain yield decrease in one hybrid”
e2“Foliar fertilizer was applied three times”
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See all 3,908 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.