Abstract
ABSTRACT Five cDNA clones were isolated from barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) that encoded mRNAs related to xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET). One of the clones encoded a protein with XET activity in vitro. Sequence comparisons revealed five families of XET‐related sequences, one of which (containing two of the barley genes) was novel. Hybridization studies using clone‐specific probes indicated that the corresponding genes were represented once, or possibly twice, in the barley genome. Treatment of dwarf mutants with gibberellic acid (GA 3 ), or homozygosity at the ‘slender’ ( sln1 ) locus, resulted in a 2.5‐fold (approximately) stimulation of blade elongation rate. Three of the five clones detected mRNAs that were maximally expressed towards the base of the blade, and present in greater quantities in GA 3 ‐treated or slender seedlings. The remaining two clones detected mRNAs that were maximally expressed in the middle of the blade. Relative elemental growth rate (REGR) profiles of leaves growing with or without GA 3 treatment revealed similar maximal REGR values despite a 2.5‐fold difference in leaf elongation rate. Segments of GA 3 ‐treated leaves attained their maximal REGR values more rapidly, this being associated with enhanced expression of the three ‘basal’ XET‐related mRNAs. Highest XET activities were detected in the base of the elongation zone, and in GA 3 ‐treated seedlings a second activity peak was observed near the distal end of the elongation zone. We conclude that there are likely to be several XET isoenzymes with different expression patterns, and identify those XET‐related proteins potentially involved in leaf elongation.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Five cDNA clones encoded XET-related mRNAs.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Gene
- xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET)e0
- Outcome
- Five cDNA clonese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Five cDNA clones were isolated from barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) that encoded mRNAs related to xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET)”
Claim · model-written summary
One clone encoded a protein with XET activity in vitro.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Gene
- XETe0
- Outcome
- XET activity in vitroe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“One of the clones encoded a protein with XET activity in vitro”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Five XET-related sequence families were identified, including a novel family.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Gene
- XET‐related sequencese0
- Outcome
- five families of XET‐related sequencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sequence comparisons revealed five families of XET‐related sequences, one of which (containing two of the barley genes) was novel”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 treatment or slender homozygosity stimulated blade elongation approximately 2.5-fold.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- gibberellic acid (GA 3 )e0
- Outcome
- blade elongation ratee0
- Direction
- stimulatione0
- Value
- 2.5‐folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment of dwarf mutants with gibberellic acid (GA 3 ), or homozygosity at the ‘slender’ ( sln1 ) locus, resulted in a 2.5‐fold (approximately) stimulation of blade elongation rate”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Three clone mRNAs were most expressed at the blade base and more abundant after GA3 treatment.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- base of the bladee0
- Outcome
- mRNAse0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three of the five clones detected mRNAs that were maximally expressed towards the base of the blade, and present in greater quantities in GA 3 ‐treated or slender seedlings”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
The other two clone mRNAs were most expressed in the middle of the blade.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- middle of the bladee0
- Outcome
- mRNAse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The remaining two clones detected mRNAs that were maximally expressed in the middle of the blade”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3-treated leaves reached maximal relative elemental growth rate more rapidly.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- GA 3 ‐treatede0
- Outcome
- maximal REGR valuese0
- Direction
- more rapidlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Segments of GA 3 ‐treated leaves attained their maximal REGR values more rapidly”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
XET activity was highest at the base of the elongation zone.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- base of the elongation zonee0
- Gene
- XETe0
- Outcome
- XET activitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest XET activities were detected in the base of the elongation zone”
t0“barley”
The same questions in other papers
gibberellin A3 · growth · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
Gibberellic acid · growth · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.