Abstract
The cross-incompatibility barrier between 4x wheat and rye has limited the genetic base for triticale breeding. Experiments designed to improve the synthesis of wheat-rye amphihaploids were conducted. The effects of 2,4-D on crossability and 3x hybrid embryo differentiation, and the influence of one-step and two-step media on the culture of immature 3x embryos in vitro, were investigated. Application of 10 mg L-1 2,4-D slightly improved seed set but significantly reduced the frequency of normal embryos. In contrast to the reported favourable effect of 2,4-D on haploid embryo formation in wheat × maize crosses, the application of 2,4-D in the present study offers no real advantage on amphihaploid embryo formation from 4x wheat × rye crosses. For small and immature wheat-rye hybrid (3x) embryos, optimum recovery in vitro was obtained via a two-step procedure consisting of a semi-solid MN medium followed by MS medium supplemented with IAA (1 mg L-1) and BAP (1 mg L-1). For bigger and well-differentiated embryos, the use of a one-step Gamborg's B5 medium was sufficient.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
10 mg L-1 2,4-D slightly improved seed set.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- 10 mg L-1 2,4-De0
- Outcome
- seed sete0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 10 mg L-1 2,4-D slightly improved seed set but significantly reduced the frequency of normal embryos.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
10 mg L-1 2,4-D significantly reduced normal embryo frequency.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 10 mg L-1 2,4-De0
- Outcome
- frequency of normal embryose0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 10 mg L-1 2,4-D slightly improved seed set but significantly reduced the frequency of normal embryos.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D conferred no real advantage for amphihaploid embryo formation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 2,4-De0
- Outcome
- amphihaploid embryo formatione0
- Direction
- no real advantagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of 2,4-D in the present study offers no real advantage on amphihaploid embryo formation from 4x wheat × rye crosses”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Two-step MN then MS medium with IAA and BAP gave optimum recovery of small immature hybrid embryos.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- small and immature wheat-rye hybrid (3x) embryose0
- Treatment
- a two-step procedure consisting of a semi-solid MN medium followed by MS medium supplemented with IAA (1 mg L-1) and BAP (1 mg L-1)e0
- Outcome
- recovery in vitroe0
- Direction
- optimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For small and immature wheat-rye hybrid (3x) embryos, optimum recovery in vitro was obtained via a two-step procedure consisting of a semi-solid MN medium followed by MS medium supplemented with IAA (1 mg L-1) and BAP (1 mg L-1).”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
One-step Gamborg B5 medium sufficed for larger differentiated embryos.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- bigger and well-differentiated embryose0
- Treatment
- one-step Gamborg's B5 mediume0
- Outcome
- sufficiente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For bigger and well-differentiated embryos, the use of a one-step Gamborg's B5 medium was sufficient.”
t0“Wheat”
The same questions in other papers
2,4-D · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
77 papers in the same direction as this paper · 34 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
112 papers more in this group
See all 116 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.