Abstract
This field trial determined the importance of mycorrhizae[ Acaulospora mellea Spain & Schenck, Gigaspora margarita Becker & Hall, Glomus clarum Nicolson & Schenck, Glomus etunicatum Becker & Gerdemann, and Scutellospora pellucida (Nicol. & Schenck) Walker & Sanders], established from an existing intact network ofvesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) propagules, for production of capsicum( Capsicum annuum L. cv. Target) in a low phosphorus(=14 mg NaHCO3-extractable P/kg) Typic Paleudalf. The mycorrhizalnetwork was formed previously with sweetcorn ( Zea mays L. cv. Snosweet) plants grown in distinct rows. A narrow band of milledsuperphosphate was applied at 0 (P1), 5(P2), 15 (P3), 45(P4), or 135 (P5) kg P/ha toplots that were either fumigated (VAM ) or not fumigated (VAM+). The higher ( P < 0.05) concentrations of P in theyoungest mature leaf (blade plus petiole) of VAM+ than those of VAMcapsicum plants at P1, P2, andP3 coincided with a greater ( P < 0.05) weight of marketable fruit of VAM+ than of VAM– plants;this finding confirmed the importance of VAM to the enhanced P nutrition ofcapsicum at low P levels. In the non-fumigated soil (1061 non-dormantinfective VAM propagules/g air-dry soil), the inverse sine transformedmeans of percentage colonisation of roots were generally unaffected by Papplication, indicating that addition of P may not reduce VAM colonisation ofroots if the inoculum potential of the soil is high. An alternative hypothesisto account for the relatively undiminished mycorrhizal colonisation ofVAM+ plants at high P rates may relate to a reduction in colonisation forroots growing within the narrow band of applied P, but not for roots growingin the much larger volume of soil outside of this localised P zone. Theabsence of reduced yields and of lower starch concentrations of roots of VAM+ relative to VAM– plants suggested that photosynthateproduction was surplus to the requirements of the plant and fungus for theirradiance encountered during the trial. The gross margin for VAM plants wasmaximal at P5 ($AU3340/ha), and this amountwas similar to the margin for VAM+ plants grown at all treatments exceptP1, which had a lower gross margin. As a substitute forP, mycorrhizae have limited potential in intensive vegetable productionsystems since the cost of P is low compared with total costs. However, otherbenefits of VAM such as decreased susceptibility to disease and improvedstructure of the soil need to be fully assessed to determine the full benefitof mycorrhizae in such systems.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
VAM-positive capsicum had higher leaf P at low P rates than fumigated plants.
- Treatment
- VAM+e0
- Outcome
- concentrations of P in theyoungest mature leafe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- VAMcapsicum plantse0
CapsicumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher ( P < 0.05) concentrations of P in theyoungest mature leaf (blade plus petiole) of VAM+ than those of VAMcapsicum plants at P1, P2, andP3”
t0“capsicum ( Capsicum annuum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM-positive capsicum had greater marketable fruit weight at low P.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a greater ( P < 0.05) weight of marketable fruit of VAM+ than of VAM– plants”
t0“capsicum ( Capsicum annuum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Root mycorrhizal colonization was generally unaffected by P application in nonfumigated soil.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the inverse sine transformedmeans of percentage colonisation of roots were generally unaffected by Papplication”
t0“capsicum ( Capsicum annuum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM-positive plants had no reduced yields relative to VAM-negative plants.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Theabsence of reduced yields and of lower starch concentrations of roots of VAM+ relative to VAM– plants”
t0“capsicum ( Capsicum annuum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
VAM-positive plants had no lower root starch concentrations relative to VAM-negative plants.
- Treatment
- VAM+e0
- Outcome
- starch concentrations of rootse0
- Direction
- absence of reduced yields and of lowere0
- Comparator
- VAM– plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Theabsence of reduced yields and of lower starch concentrations of roots of VAM+ relative to VAM– plants”
t0“capsicum ( Capsicum annuum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum gross margin for VAM-negative plants occurred at P5, at $AU3340/ha.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The gross margin for VAM plants wasmaximal at P5 ($AU3340/ha)”
t0“capsicum ( Capsicum annuum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizae have limited economic potential as a P substitute in intensive vegetable production.
- Outcome
- mycorrhizae have limited potential in intensive vegetable productionsystemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As a substitute forP, mycorrhizae have limited potential in intensive vegetable productionsystems since the cost of P is low compared with total costs”
t0“capsicum ( Capsicum annuum L.)”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · yield · Capsicum (peppers)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- positive
- positive
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See all 11 papers →mycorrhiza · quality: sugar starch · Capsicum (peppers)Positive and negative results
1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
mycorrhiza · quality: postharvest · Capsicum (peppers)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.