Abstract
Abstract Shoot samples of oil seed radish and black oat were collected during the winter at 60, 75, 90, and 120 days after planting (dap). At each cutting organic composition of the water soluble fraction (WSF) was determined and its effects on the mobilization of cations in acid soil were evaluated using PVC soil columns. A biological test based in root growth of pre-germinated wheat seeds was conducted for 7 days in soil columns after application of the WSF of plant materials. The relative organic composition of the plant materials changed between cutting times and the greatest values were observed at 60 dap for oil seed radish and 75 dap for black oat. In the later sampling dates, the relative values were decreased sharply. The identified organic compounds were aliphatic and phenolic organic acids. The application of the plant extracts in soil columns increased the pH and the concentrations of exchangeable calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K), and decreased exchangeable Al. Few differences between plant extracts were observed in the soil chemistry after extract applications. The extracts obtained at the 60 and 75 dap were more effective in alleviating soil acidity. The black oat plant material showed higher capacity for mobilization of Ca and the oil seed radish for Al. Wheat root growth, used as a biological indicator in the soil column system, was three times greater in the presence of all plant extracts when compared to the water control. The chemical changes in soil were not sufficient for discrimination of wheat root growth in the presence of different plant extracts. Higher efficiency for cation mobilization and acidity mitigation may be reached if plant material is cut before plentiful flowering stage. Keywords: Plant residuesOrganic acidsMetal complexationAcidity mitigation Acknowledgments
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Relative organic composition of oil seed radish greatest at 60 days after planting.
Verbatim
e1“The relative organic composition of the plant materials changed between cutting times and the greatest values were observed at 60 dap for oil seed radish and 75 dap for black oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative organic composition of black oat greatest at 75 days after planting.
- Taxon
- black oat
Avena strigosae1 - Outcome
- relative organic compositione1
- Qualifier
- 75 dape1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The relative organic composition of the plant materials changed between cutting times and the greatest values were observed at 60 dap for oil seed radish and 75 dap for black oat”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative organic composition of both plant materials decreased sharply at later sampling dates.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot samples of oil seed radish and black oat were collected during the winter at 60, 75, 90, and 120 days after planting (dap)”
e2“In the later sampling dates, the relative values were decreased sharply”
Claim · model-written summary
The water-soluble fraction of the green manure contained aliphatic and phenolic organic acids.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot samples of oil seed radish and black oat were collected during the winter at 60, 75, 90, and 120 days after planting (dap)”
e3“The identified organic compounds were aliphatic and phenolic organic acids”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of plant extracts increased exchangeable calcium, magnesium and potassium in acid soil columns.
- Taxon
- oil seed radish and black oate0
- Treatment
- application of the plant extractse4
- Outcome
- concentrations of exchangeable calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K)e4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Setting
- soil columnse4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Shoot samples of oil seed radish and black oat were collected during the winter at 60, 75, 90, and 120 days after planting (dap)”
e4“The application of the plant extracts in soil columns increased the pH and the concentrations of exchangeable calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K), and decreased exchangeable Al”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of plant extracts increased soil pH.
- Taxon
- oil seed radish and black oate0
- Treatment
- application of the plant extractse4
- Outcome
- pHe4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Setting
- soil columnse4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Shoot samples of oil seed radish and black oat were collected during the winter at 60, 75, 90, and 120 days after planting (dap)”
e4“The application of the plant extracts in soil columns increased the pH and the concentrations of exchangeable calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K), and decreased exchangeable Al”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of plant extracts decreased exchangeable aluminium in acid soil columns.
- Taxon
- oil seed radish and black oate0
- Treatment
- application of the plant extractse4
- Outcome
- exchangeable Ale4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Setting
- soil columnse4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Shoot samples of oil seed radish and black oat were collected during the winter at 60, 75, 90, and 120 days after planting (dap)”
e4“The application of the plant extracts in soil columns increased the pH and the concentrations of exchangeable calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K), and decreased exchangeable Al”
Claim · model-written summary
Few differences in soil chemistry were found between the plant extracts.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot samples of oil seed radish and black oat were collected during the winter at 60, 75, 90, and 120 days after planting (dap)”
e5“Few differences between plant extracts were observed in the soil chemistry after extract applications”
Claim · model-written summary
Extracts obtained at 60 and 75 days after planting were more effective in alleviating soil acidity.
- Taxon
- oil seed radish and black oate0
- Treatment
- extracts obtained at the 60 and 75 dape6
- Outcome
- alleviating soil aciditye6
- Direction
- more effectivee6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Shoot samples of oil seed radish and black oat were collected during the winter at 60, 75, 90, and 120 days after planting (dap)”
e6“The extracts obtained at the 60 and 75 dap were more effective in alleviating soil acidity”
Claim · model-written summary
Black oat plant material showed higher capacity for mobilization of calcium.
- Taxon
- black oatAvena strigosae7
- Outcome
- capacity for mobilization of Cae7
- Qualifier
- highere7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The black oat plant material showed higher capacity for mobilization of Ca and the oil seed radish for Al”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil seed radish plant material showed higher capacity for mobilization of aluminium.
Verbatim
e7“The black oat plant material showed higher capacity for mobilization of Ca and the oil seed radish for Al”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat root growth was three times greater in the presence of all plant extracts than under the water control.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume7 - Treatment
- all plant extractse7
- Outcome
- Wheat root growthe7
- Direction
- greatere7
- Value
- three timese7
- Comparator
- water controle7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Wheat root growth, used as a biological indicator in the soil column system, was three times greater in the presence of all plant extracts when compared to the water control”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical changes in soil were not sufficient to discriminate wheat root growth among the plant extracts.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Outcome
- discrimination of wheat root growthe7
- Qualifier
- The chemical changes in soil were not sufficiente7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The chemical changes in soil were not sufficient for discrimination of wheat root growth in the presence of different plant extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Cation mobilization and acidity mitigation may be higher if the green manure is cut before plentiful flowering.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot samples of oil seed radish and black oat were collected during the winter at 60, 75, 90, and 120 days after planting (dap)”
e7“Higher efficiency for cation mobilization and acidity mitigation may be reached if plant material is cut before plentiful flowering stage”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
205 papers in the same direction as this paper · 228 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
431 papers more in this group
See all 435 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.