Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of risk exposure on optimal N fertilizer rates for continuous corn ( Zea mays L.), corn grown after cotton ( Gossypium ssp.), and corn grown after soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and identify the optimal corn rotation for risk‐averse corn producers. Data were collected from a 7‐yr, corn‐rotation, N‐fertilizer experiment in Tennessee. Partial budgets were used to calculate net returns to N for corn grown after corn, corn grown after cotton, and corn grown after soybean. The flexible moment method was used for risk analysis, a unique application of this method that provides producers with information concerning traditional risk effects on decisions about crop rotations and N rates augmented by the effects of downside risk. Results from this study show rotating corn with cotton and soybean increased yields and net returns relative to continuous corn, but profit‐maximizing N rates for corn were not greatly impacted by the crop planted in the previous year. Optimal N rates decreased for producers with more risk aversion, indicating that N fertilizer is a risk‐increasing input. Downside risk was found for continuous corn and corn grown after soybean, increasing the risk premiums for these rotations above the risk premium for corn grown after cotton. Slightly to moderately risk‐averse corn producers would prefer growing corn after soybean, but highly risk‐averse producers would prefer rotating corn with cotton. Results provide corn producers with enhanced information about the effects of risk exposure on choices among corn rotations and N fertilizer rates.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Corn rotated with cotton increased yields relative to continuous corn.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- rotating corn with cottone0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- continuous corne0
- Setting
- Tennesseet0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results from this study show rotating corn with cotton and soybean increased yields and net returns relative to continuous corn”
t0“Tennessee”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn rotated with soybean increased yields relative to continuous corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- rotating corn with cotton and soybeane0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- continuous corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results from this study show rotating corn with cotton and soybean increased yields and net returns relative to continuous corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn rotated with cotton increased net returns relative to continuous corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- rotating corn with cottone0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- continuous corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results from this study show rotating corn with cotton and soybean increased yields and net returns relative to continuous corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn rotated with soybean increased net returns relative to continuous corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- rotating corn with cotton and soybeane0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- continuous corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results from this study show rotating corn with cotton and soybean increased yields and net returns relative to continuous corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The previous crop had little impact on profit-maximizing N rates for corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- crop planted in the previous yeare0
- Outcome
- profit‐maximizing N ratese0
- Direction
- not greatly impactede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“profit‐maximizing N rates for corn were not greatly impacted by the crop planted in the previous year.”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimal corn N rates decreased with greater producer risk aversion.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- N fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Optimal N ratese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- producers with more risk aversione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Optimal N rates decreased for producers with more risk aversion, indicating that N fertilizer is a risk‐increasing input.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous corn had downside risk that raised its risk premium above corn after cotton.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- continuous corne0
- Outcome
- risk premiumse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Comparator
- corn grown after cottone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Downside risk was found for continuous corn and corn grown after soybean, increasing the risk premiums for these rotations above the risk premium for corn grown after cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn grown after soybean had downside risk that raised its risk premium above corn after cotton.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- corn grown after soybeane0
- Outcome
- risk premiumse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Comparator
- corn grown after cottone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Downside risk was found for continuous corn and corn grown after soybean, increasing the risk premiums for these rotations above the risk premium for corn grown after cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Slightly to moderately risk-averse producers would prefer corn after soybean.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- growing corn after soybeane0
- Qualifier
- Slightly to moderately risk‐aversee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Slightly to moderately risk‐averse corn producers would prefer growing corn after soybean, but highly risk‐averse producers would prefer rotating corn with cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Highly risk-averse producers would prefer rotating corn with cotton.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- rotating corn with cottone0
- Qualifier
- highly risk‐aversee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Slightly to moderately risk‐averse corn producers would prefer growing corn after soybean, but highly risk‐averse producers would prefer rotating corn with cotton.”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
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- positive
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See all 17 papers →Glycine max · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
154 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 180 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.