Abstract
Presently, directly seeded rice (DSR) is preferred over transplanted puddle rice (TPR) because of its high water-use efficiency (WUE). Also, TPR deteriorates the soil physicochemical properties, so in these conditions dairy manure has been used to reduce bulk density, increase hydraulic conductivity, and improve soil nutrient status. Experiments were conducted to study the effects of manure and rice planting methods on yield, soil quality, WUE, and economics of rice and the succeeding wheat crop. Results showed that TPR increased kernel yield by 10.26% compared to DSR. However, it deteriorated soil physical properties and reduced soil nitrogen by 7.31% at 0–15 cm deep and nitrate concentration by 61.40% at 0–35 cm deep, which significantly reduced succeeding wheat yield by 18.21%. The residual soil organic fertility after crop harvest was proportional to the level of dairy manure used.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanted puddle rice increased kernel yield by 10.26% over directly seeded rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- TPRe0
- Outcome
- kernel yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10.26%e0
- Comparator
- DSRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TPR increased kernel yield by 10.26% compared to DSR.”
e1“directly seeded rice (DSR) is preferred over transplanted puddle rice (TPR)”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanted puddle rice deteriorated soil physical properties.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“it deteriorated soil physical properties and reduced soil nitrogen by 7.31% at 0–15 cm deep and nitrate concentration by 61.40% at 0–35 cm deep”
e1“TPR increased kernel yield by 10.26% compared to DSR.”
e2“rice and the succeeding wheat crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanted puddle rice reduced soil nitrogen by 7.31% at 0–15 cm.
- Treatment
- TPRe1
- Outcome
- soil nitrogene0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 7.31%e0
- Qualifier
- 0–15 cm deepe0
- Comparator
- DSRe1
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“reduced soil nitrogen by 7.31% at 0–15 cm deep”
e1“TPR increased kernel yield by 10.26% compared to DSR.”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanted puddle rice reduced soil nitrate concentration by 61.40% at 0–35 cm.
- Treatment
- TPRe1
- Outcome
- nitrate concentratione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 61.40%e0
- Qualifier
- 0–35 cm deepe0
- Comparator
- DSRe1
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“reduced soil nitrogen by 7.31% at 0–15 cm deep and nitrate concentration by 61.40% at 0–35 cm deep”
e1“TPR increased kernel yield by 10.26% compared to DSR.”
Claim · model-written summary
Succeeding wheat yield was significantly reduced by 18.21% under the preceding transplanted rice treatment.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- TPRe1
- Outcome
- succeeding wheat yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 18.21%e0
- Comparator
- DSRe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which significantly reduced succeeding wheat yield by 18.21%.”
e1“TPR increased kernel yield by 10.26% compared to DSR.”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual soil organic fertility rose in proportion to dairy manure level.
- Treatment
- level of dairy manure usede0
- Outcome
- residual soil organic fertilitye0
- Direction
- proportionale0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The residual soil organic fertility after crop harvest was proportional to the level of dairy manure used.”
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