Abstract
Farmyard manure (FYM) improves various soil parameters and to a large extent, the availability of water and nutrient to crops when it is applied to the soil. This study aims to further investigate the short-term effects of different levels of FYM on maize plants and soil parameters. Maize plants grown in pot culture were treated with no FYM (control), recommended NPK (inorganic fertilizers), and FYM at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 t ha−1 along with recommended NPK, and the cultures were analyzed 8 weeks after germination. Soil bulk density and soil pH decreased with the increasing levels of FYM, whereas soil porosity, soil organic matter (SOM), soil water content, plant height, root and shoot yield, and NPK uptake of maize were increased compared with the control or recommended NPK, respectively. The present results indicate that short-term application of higher FYM levels improves soil properties. Furthermore, the application of FYM at only higher rates significantly increases the nutrient uptake of maize plants due to improved soil properties. The supply of different amounts of nutrients increases biomass and nutrient uptake in plants.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing FYM reduced soil bulk density and pH.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil bulk density and soil pH decreased with the increasing levels of FYM”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM increased soil porosity, organic matter and water content.
- Treatment
- FYMe1
- Outcome
- soil porosity, soil organic matter (SOM), soil water contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- the control or recommended NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil porosity, soil organic matter (SOM), soil water content, plant height, root and shoot yield, and NPK uptake of maize were increased compared with the control or recommended NPK”
t0“farmyard manure”
e1“Farmyard manure (FYM) improves various soil parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM increased maize height and root and shoot yield.
- Treatment
- FYMe1
- Outcome
- plant height, root and shoot yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- the control or recommended NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil porosity, soil organic matter (SOM), soil water content, plant height, root and shoot yield, and NPK uptake of maize were increased compared with the control or recommended NPK”
t0“farmyard manure”
e1“Farmyard manure (FYM) improves various soil parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM increased maize NPK uptake relative to control or NPK.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NPK uptake of maize were increased compared with the control or recommended NPK”
t0“farmyard manure”
e1“Farmyard manure (FYM) improves various soil parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher FYM levels improved soil properties in the short term.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“short-term application of higher FYM levels improves soil properties”
t0“maize”
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